Sexual Reproduction in Plants | CBSE Class 10 Science

Sexual Reproduction in Plants | CBSE Class 10 Science

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Sexual Reproduction in Plants
Flowering plants also called angiosperms, use a sexual mode of reproduction. Reproduction in plants mainly revolves around the flower, which has both the male and the female gametes.
All parts of a flower aid in the process of reproduction, although some of them are sterile.
Therefore, to understand the process of reproduction in flowering plants, we need to look at the different parts of the flower and their functions.

Structure of flower
A flower comprises two parts,
Calyx: It is the outermost whorl of a flower. It comprises units called sepals. In the bud stage, the calyx encloses the rest of the flower. They usually exhibit green coloration, in some other instances, they may be a color like petals. This state of Calyx is termed as petaloid. Calyx can either be prominent or absent.

Corolla: It consists of many numbers of petals and it is the second whorl of the flower. These petals are sometimes fragrant. They are colored, thin, and soft that would help in the process of pollination as they would attract animals and insects.

Reproductive Structure of a Flower
Androecium
It is the male reproductive part of a flower, comprising stamens and it is the third whorl. Each stamen comprises two parts, namely, anther and filament.

Anther: This is a four-lobed sac-like structure responsible for pollen formation.
Filaments: These thread-like structures are attached to the anther, and they keep the anther in place.

The structure of anther: The anther is the breeding part of stamens. Each anther is connected by two lobes. Each anther lobe comprises two pollen chambers located longitudinally. The microsporangium is sufficiently supplied with a number of pollen microspores.

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