How to Use HashSets for Fast Lookups in LeetCode 874 | #leetcode

LeetCode 874, a classic simulation problem that tests your ability to handle 2D coordinates and efficient data retrieval. The goal is to move a robot based on commands while avoiding obstacles and tracking the maximum squared Euclidean distance from the origin.
The Core Challenge:
Simply moving the robot is easy, but checking for obstacles at every single step can be slow if not handled correctly.
What You'll Learn:
Directional Mapping: Using a simple array or list to cycle through North, East, South, and West effortlessly.
The Power of Hashing: Why converting obstacle coordinates into a HashSet (or a unique string/long key) is essential for
lookup speeds.
Simulation Logic: How to process commands to turn 90 degrees or move forward step-by-step.
Optimization: Keeping track of the max_distance globally throughout the entire simulation.

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