All About Earthquake | Sabi story || Urdu-Hindi

Short animated story about earthquakes.

Nevertheless it has been calculated that every day some 250 earthquake take place in various parts of the world. Most of them occur beneath the sea and, of those that happen on land, comparatively few cause any damage.
Large earthquakes, however, are the most destructive of all natural phenomena. Although they seldom last for more than a few seconds, the energy released can be equal to 200 million tonnes of T.N.T (trinitrotoluene, a very powerful explosive) – 10,000 times more than the energy of the first atomic bomb. And about 14,000 lives are lost because of earthquakes every year.

The Rocks that make up the earth's crust, deep under our feet, are continually moving, so the strains and stresses build up until suddenly great masses or ‘plates’ of rock split apart along a line of weakness, known as a fault. The masses slide along the fault line, shaking the ground above and often opening up great cracks in the earth.
Most faults line deep beneath the surface of the earth, but some can be seen on the surface.
It can be noticed particularly in satellite photographs but is also obvious to anyone going along it for some distance with nose to the ground. The total length of the fault is some 1200 km. (800 miles) but only certain bits move at one time.

Although earthquakes can occur at great depths, some over 600 km. (400 miles) below the surface, most are comparatively shallow – about 60 km. (40 miles) down.

Above is a sectional diagram, showing the movement of one plate over another. Where plates meet, great strains build up. The plates slide past each other at the margins and it is at these margins that earthquakes occur. The crust is unable to withstand the strain, so it cracks and breaks. The actual reason for the movement is not yet fully understood but observation may enable earthquakes to be forecast sufficiently accurately to stop such great loss of life in the future.

It appears that the plates are moving in opposite directions. In fact, though, one in is merely moving faster than the other in the same direction. As you can see, the line of the road is actually broken, so that the movement itself can be observed clearly.

Most earth quake take place in two great belts where volcanoes and new mountains are still being formed. One narrow belt circles the Pacific Ocean along the coasts of North and South America and runs through the islands of Asia to New Zealand. The second belt runs from Burma to southern Europe, passing through the mountains of the Himalayas, the Caucasus and the Alps. More quakes take place in the pacific than in the other belt – about 80 percent of all damaging earthquakes occur there.

Sometimes the earth splits open during a severe earthquake. In the Quetta shock of 1935 in Pakistan, the town was completely destroyed and great cracks opened in the streets, swallowing animals and people.

Japan lies directly in the line of the greatest earthquake activity and there an average of six heavy shocks takes place every year, with two or three smaller shocks every day. One of the most disastrous earth quakes of all time occurred in Tokyo in 1923 when over 100,000 died in the quake itself and, in the fires that followed it, some 700,000 houses were burned to the ground.

Steel and concrete buildings with deep foundations withstand shocks well and, in countries such as Japan, a great deal of effort is going into the construction of shock-proof houses and offices. Seismic sea waves, called tsunami by the Japanese, often Miscalled ‘tidal waves’ are another hazard caused by earthquakes. An underwater or coastal earthquake sets up waves which may be only a meter high in the open ocean, although the distance from wave crest to wave crest may be as much as 150 kilometres (100 miles). As these waves approach the shore, their height increases and may rise to 30 meters (100 feet), causing great destruction and loss of life when they strike an inhabited area.

00:05 Quetta earthquake
00:53 Animation
02:06 Why earthquake occurs
04:06 Japan earthquakes
05:18 Ending animation
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