Study confirms omicron reinfections

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Real-time Assessment of Community Transmission findings, Round 17

REACT-1 study

Funded by the Department of Health and Social Care in England

65% of the infected said they had already previously tested positive for Covid

https://www.imperial.ac.uk/medicine/research-and-impact/groups/react-study/real-time-assessment-of-community-transmission-findings/

https://www.imperial.ac.uk/media/imperial-college/institute-of-global-health-innovation/R17_final.pdf

https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/233381/fall-coronavirus-infections-england-have-stalled/

Rapid transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has led to the highest ever recorded case incidence levels in many countries around the world.

RT-PCR test results, self-administered throat and nose swabs

Randomly-selected participants in England, n = 100,607

Ages 5 years and over

Data were collected between 5 and 20 January 2022

Temporal, socio-demographic and geographical spread of the virus

Viral loads and viral genome sequence data for positive swabs.

Results

Swab positivity was 4.41%

Three-fold higher than in December 2021 in England

1,406 sequenced positive swabs to 16 January 2022

1392 (99.0%) were Omicron

Including 6 (0.43%) cases of BA.2 sub-lineage

14 (1.0%) were Delta

Within round 17

Prevalence was decreasing overall,

but increasing in children aged 5 to 17 years

Swab-positivity prevalence

75 years and older, 2.43%

6+ household, OR 1.66

Urban vs rural areas OR 1.24

Most vs least deprived areas OR 1.33

In adults who received three vs two vaccine doses

Higher Ct values (lower viral load) in rounds 15 and 16
but not in round 17

The distributions of Ct values were similar in unvaccinated and vaccinated children aged 17 years and below in round 15, round 16 and round 17.

Prevalence in those shielding

3.43%

In those not shielding to 4.61%

Conclusions

Unprecedented levels of infection with SARS-CoV-2 in England in January 2022

Almost complete replacement of Delta by Omicron

Vaccination (including the booster campaign) remains the mainstay of the defence

given the high levels of protection against hospitalisations.

However, further measures beyond vaccination may be required if the very high rates of Omicron infection persist,

Dr. Hans Kluge, WHO, Europe

https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/01/24/world/omicron-covid-vaccine-tests

Between vaccination and natural immunity through infection,

Omicron offers plausible hope for stabilization and normalization

Dr. Tedros

But it’s dangerous to assume that Omicron will be the last variant or that we are in the endgame.

On the contrary, globally, the conditions are ideal for more variants to emerge.

It’s true that we will be living with Covid for the foreseeable future

a preventable and treatable disease

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