鸟趣- 本真优雅黑天鹅 | 澳洲观鸟 Black Swan bird fun：Natural Grace | Australia Birdwatching

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黑天鵝（学名：Cygnus atratus）原产于澳洲，是天鹅家族中的重要一员，为世界著名观赏珍禽。黑天鹅栖息于海岸、海湾、湖泊等水域，成对或结群活动，食物几乎完全是植物，各种水生植物和藻类。具有较强游牧性，迁移模式不规律，主要取决于气候条件,迁徙时会组成成千上万的大团体。
分布于澳洲西南部、南部、东部地区。后引进至新加坡、英国和部分西欧国家。

黑天鵝可能獨自行動，也可能成群結隊（從幾百隻到幾千隻不等）。儘管大部分的身軀覆蓋著黑色的羽毛，但是一旦飛行起來，便可發現其實黑天鵝有著一排白色的發翔羽。它們有著明顯、亮紅色的喙部，雙足則是灰黑色的。
成年的黑天鵝身長大約在 1.1 到 1.4 公尺之間，平均重量 6 到 9 公斤重。在飛行時，翼展可達 1.6 到 2 公尺寬。頸部細長，在天鵝中算是最長的一種，通常彎成優雅地 S 型。

雄鳥比雌鳥來得稍微大一些，喙也比較直且長；雛鳥有著灰棕色的羽毛。
黑天鵝在飛行時或划水時偶發響亮如軍號的叫聲，不過也會發出低低的輕哼。在孵育或是築巢時如果受到驚擾，則會發出囀鳴聲。

Description
In adult Black Swans the body is mostly black, with the exception of the broad white wing tips which are visible in flight. The bill is a deep orange-red, paler at the tip, with a distinct narrow white band towards the end. Younger birds are much greyer in colour, and have black wing tips. Adult females are smaller than the males.
Distribution
Black swans are natives of Australia, including Tasmania, and mainly occur in Australias south-eastern and south-western wetlands. In addition, there is an introduced population of black swans in New Zealand and Japan. Black swans inhabit rivers, lakes, and swampland in water that is fresh, salt or brackish. They prefer habitats that have aquatic vegetation, but sometimes live in terrestrial areas like flooded fields or dry pastures when food is scarce.
Habits and Lifestyle
Black swans may be found on their own but they also often form loose groups consisting of several hundred or sometimes thousands of birds. They usually move in flocks, sometimes nest in colonies and are the least territorial of swan species. When food is scarce they are nomadic but otherwise they are sedentary. They travel at night and feed at dusk, but most of their activity is during the daytime. They are strong fliers, travelling together in a line or V shape, beating their wings slowly, which makes whistling noises. On the water as well as in flight, black swans make a range of high-pitched, musical, bugling, baying or trumpeting calls. They have also been heard to make a variety of softer crooning notes. If disturbed while nesting they tend to make a whistling sound.
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