How to Create an Item in Azure Cosmos DB using Python SDK

Learn how to fix common issues when creating items in Azure Cosmos DB using Python SDK, including handling JSON data and assigning unique IDs.
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This video is based on the question https://stackoverflow.com/q/67823818/ asked by the user 'Nayden Van' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/12282309/ ) and on the answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/67824773/ provided by the user 'Gaurav Mantri' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/188096/ ) at 'Stack Overflow' website. Thanks to these great users and Stackexchange community for their contributions.

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How to Create an Item in Azure Cosmos DB using Python SDK

When working with Azure Cosmos DB, especially using the Python SDK, you might encounter a common challenge: how to save a query result directly into the database instead of writing it to a JSON file. This post will guide you through resolving that issue step by step.

Understanding the Problem

You have a situation where you successfully retrieve data via a query and store it in a Python DataFrame. Now, you want to seamlessly save this data into your Cosmos DB container. However, you face a couple of errors that prevent this from being executed properly. Let's break down those errors to find a solution.

The Initial Errors

TypeError: When you attempted to create an item in the container, you received an error indicating that a string object has no attribute 'get'. This was likely due to the way you formatted and passed your data to the create_item method.

Missing 'id' property: After fixing the first error, you encountered another issue stating that the required property 'id' was missing from your document. Cosmos DB requires a unique identifier for each item, and under normal conditions, it won't automatically generate one for you.

The Solution: Step-by-Step Guide

1. Connect to Cosmos DB

Ensure you are connected to your Cosmos database correctly with the necessary credentials. Here’s a sample code snippet to connect:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

2. Get and Prepare Data

You need to prepare your DataFrame and convert it into a format compatible with Cosmos DB:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

3. Loop Through Each Item

Since data_dict is an array of individual items, you must loop through each item and add a unique ID to it. Here’s how:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

4. Explanation of the Code

uuid.uuid4(): This generates a unique identifier ensuring that each document in Cosmos DB can be uniquely identified and prevents clashes.

container.create_item(body=item): This line actually sends the item to your Cosmos container for storage. Ensure that the item contains all required properties before this step.

5. Common Pitfalls to Avoid

Ensure Proper Structure: Make sure your initial DataFrame and resulting JSON structure are correct and conform to what Cosmos DB expects.

Define All Required Fields: In addition to 'id', determine if your schema requires any other fields to prevent future errors.

Conclusion

Storing data directly in Azure Cosmos DB using the Python SDK can be streamlined by following the outlined method above. By properly handling your data format, assigning unique IDs, and ensuring that all required fields are included, you can easily push your query results to Cosmos DB without additional issues. Now, you can proceed confidently with your project and take advantage of the powerful capabilities of Cosmos DB!

By following these steps, you should be able to create items in your Azure Cosmos DB efficiently and effectively.

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