Is Matter Around Us Pure - Part II | Chemistry Class 9 Science | Types of Mixtures & Solutions

🧪 Is Matter Around Us Pure? This chapter explores pure substances, mixtures, and their classifications. In Part II, we focus on types of mixtures, solutions, and their properties. Learn how different substances combine and how impurities affect their behavior.

A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that retain their individual properties. Mixtures can be homogeneous (uniform composition) or heterogeneous (non-uniform composition).

Types of Mixtures
1. Homogeneous Mixture (Solution)
Definition: A mixture where components are uniformly distributed.
Example: Saltwater, sugar dissolved in water, air.

Characteristics:
Particles are very small and cannot be seen.
Does not scatter light (no Tyndall effect).
Stable and cannot be separated easily.

2. Heterogeneous Mixtures
These mixtures have non-uniform composition and can be of two types:

a) Suspensions
Definition: A mixture where solid particles are visible and settle over time.
Example: Muddy water, sand in water.

Characteristics:
Particles are large enough to be seen.
Scatters light (Tyndall effect).
Can be separated by filtration.

b) Colloids
Definition: A mixture where particles are intermediate in size between solutions and suspensions.
Example: Milk, fog, ink, blood.

Characteristics:
Particles do not settle on standing.
Shows Tyndall Effect (scattering of light).
Cannot be separated by filtration but can be separated using centrifugation.

Tyndall Effect & Brownian Motion
Tyndall Effect: The scattering of light by colloidal particles, making the light beam visible (e.g., light passing through fog).

Brownian Motion: The random movement of colloidal particles due to collisions with smaller molecules in the dispersion medium.

Concentration of Solutions
Solute: The substance that dissolves (e.g., salt in water).
Solvent: The substance in which the solute dissolves (e.g., water).
Solubility: The maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent at a given temperature.

Differences Between Solutions, Suspensions & Colloids
Property Solution Suspension Colloid
Particle Size Very Small Large Medium
Visibility Invisible Visible Not visible
Filtration Cannot be filtered Can be filtered Cannot be filtered
Tyndall Effect No Yes Yes
Conclusion
Understanding mixtures and solutions helps in separating substances, purifying water, and industrial applications. From drinking water purification to medicinal suspensions, these concepts play a crucial role in daily life.
📚 Perfect for: Students studying CBSE, ICSE, and State Board Science, especially the Is Matter Around Us Pure? chapter in Class 9 Chemistry.

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