What is happening in Parachinar and why?

The recent violence in Parachinar, starting on July 7, 2024, was triggered by clashes between Sunni and Shia tribes over a land dispute, resulting in 13 deaths and 90 injuries. Despite claims of a ceasefire, violence resumed, causing shortages of essential supplies. The conflict spread across various areas, with initial clashes in Boshera escalating to other regions due to a gunman firing on a council discussing a land dispute.

According to reports by a local member of peace committee, the conflict arose between Maleekhel, a Shia-majority tribe, and Madgi Kalay, a Sunni-majority tribe, over a tract of land in Boshehra village, situated 15km (9 miles) south of Parachinar city. It was a piece of agricultural land originally owned by the Shia tribe, which they had leased to the Sunni tribe for farming purposes. The lease was supposed to end this July, but when the time came, they refused to return the land, leading to fighting.

The reported casualties include 49 dead and 200 injured, with attempts at ceasefires failing repeatedly. The region's strategic location as a route from Pakistan to Kabul has made it a focal point for conflicts, exacerbated by the presence of Sunni militant groups targeting Shia communities. The area has a history of violence, including a significant sectarian war in 2007 and a deadly bomb blast in 2017.

Several factors contribute to the crisis in Parachinar, such as deep-rooted mistrust between Sunni and Shia communities, extremist influence from religious schools, external militants, and the lack of civil society presence in peace-building efforts. The recent wave of violence is part of a pattern of sectarian conflicts in the region, with efforts to broker peace led by local leaders and police, but short-lived ceasefires.

A grand jirga, or a gathering of tribal elders, along with civilian and security officials, met in Parachinar, the main city in Kurram district. They held an hours-long meeting on Wednesday, after which a ceasefire was agreed upon by all stakeholders – until October 5.

It is closer to Afghanistan’s capital Kabul than any major city in Pakistan but also borders Afghanistan’s Khost, Paktia, Logar and Nangarhar provinces, which are considered havens for anti-Shia armed groups such as ISIL (ISIS) and the Pakistan Taliban (TTP). Which plays a very big role in what is happening in parachinar right now

Schools in Parachinar remained closed, while markets saw little activity. The closure of roads led to shortages of food and other necessary items, making it difficult for anyone needing to leave town in case of an emergency. The fighting resulted in the closure of the mobile data network..
Iran’s Foreign Ministry spokesman nasar kanaani has condemned the situation, calling it a terrorist attack targeting the Shias of the Parachinar region in Pakistan.
In a statement on Wednesday, Kanaani said that this criminal act saddened the hearts of all Muslims, and although it demonstrated the oppression against the people of the region, it revealed the criminal nature of the Takfiri groups and the necessity of a coordinated, and powerful struggle against these groups.

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