Resolving the SQLSTATE[HY000] [2002] Connection refused Error in Laravel with MySQL

Learn how to troubleshoot and fix the `Connection refused` error in your PHP Laravel project while connecting to MySQL. Follow our detailed guide for a smooth setup!
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This video is based on the question https://stackoverflow.com/q/66087507/ asked by the user 'Satscreate' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/5144738/ ) and on the answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/66087545/ provided by the user 'Mohamed Ahmed' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/10112058/ ) at 'Stack Overflow' website. Thanks to these great users and Stackexchange community for their contributions.

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Troubleshooting the SQLSTATE[HY000] [2002] Connection refused Error in Laravel with MySQL

When working with PHP Laravel projects, you might encounter a frustrating issue: the SQLSTATE[HY000] [2002] Connection refused error. This typically indicates that your Laravel application is failing to connect to your MySQL database. Let’s explore the problem and how you can resolve it.

Understanding the Error

The error message typically appears in the context of a database query, as shown below:

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This means that Laravel is unable to establish a connection to the MySQL database that it is configured to interact with. It could be due to various reasons including incorrect database credentials or configuration issues in your Docker setup.

Analyzing the Configuration

To see what might be wrong, let’s dive into your docker-compose.yml and .env files. Based on your provided configurations, you have:

Docker Configuration (docker-compose.yml)

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Environment Variables (.env file)

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Common Issues and Fixes

1. Database Host Configuration

The primary issue that likely led to the error is the DB_HOST parameter in your .env file. You set it to 127.0.0.1, which is not suitable when using Docker. When your application is running inside a Docker container, it sees 127.0.0.1 as the loopback address of the container itself, not the local host.

Solution:

Change the DB_HOST from 127.0.0.1 to mysql (the service name defined in your docker-compose.yml):

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2. Authentication Method Issues

After updating the database host, you reported encountering a new error related to the authentication method:

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This indicates that MySQL is configured to use caching_sha2_password, which may not be supported by the client libraries you are using.

Solution:

You can alter the MySQL user authentication method back to mysql_native_password. Though you’ve attempted it already, let's ensure this step is followed carefully. Execute the following commands in your MySQL shell again:

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Then, restart your MySQL service.

3. Verify Connection

After making these changes, you can check if you can connect to the MySQL database directly using the command line or a database client with the provided credentials:

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When prompted, enter the password password. If this connection works, it confirms that the database configuration is correct.

Conclusion

Setting up a Laravel application with MySQL can come with its set of challenges, especially when dealing with Docker and service names. By methodically going through your configuration and addressing common issues, you can resolve the SQLSTATE[HY000] [2002] Connection refused error effectively. Remember to always ensure your .env settings align with your Docker setup and adjust user permissions to avoid authentication issues.

With these solutions in hand, you can now smoothly connect your Laravel application to your MySQL database! If you encounter more issues, don’t hesitate to reach out for help in Laravel communities or forums. Happy coding!

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