Mini Oscilloscope: Visualizing Frequency and Period (f = 1/T)

Visualizing f = 1/T Using PWM and OLED
Project Briefing
Objective
To demonstrate the relationship between frequency (f) and period (T) using a real-time visual system based on an ESP32-C3, an OLED display, and a PWM-driven LED.
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System Overview
The system generates a periodic signal using PWM.
This signal is:
Displayed visually as a waveform on an OLED screen
Output physically through an LED whose brightness follows the waveform
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Working Principle
The project is based on the fundamental relationship:
f=1/T
T
Tf = 0.5 Hz
Where:
f = frequency (Hz)
T = period (seconds)
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Visualization Features
1. Time-Domain Waveform
Displays how the signal changes over time
Acts like a mini oscilloscope trace
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2. Period Highlight (T)
A rectangular box marks one full cycle
Expands or shrinks depending on frequency
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3. Frequency Display
Real-time value shown on OLED
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4. Time Cursor
A vertical line moves across the screen
Represents the progression of time
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5. LED Output
LED brightness follows the waveform using PWM
Links visual signal → physical output
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Behavior Observed
At low frequency:
Waves are spread out
Period (T) is large
At high frequency:
Waves are compressed
Period (T) becomes smaller
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Scientific Significance
This project demonstrates:
Time-domain signal representation
Real-time relationship between frequency and period
Basic principles of oscilloscopes
Embedded signal generation and visualization
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Hardware Used
ESP32-C3 microcontroller
OLED display (SSD1306, I²C — SDA GPIO 7, SCL GPIO 6)
LED (PWM on GPIO 5)
Resistor (for LED protection)
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Conclusion
This system provides a clear and interactive way to understand how frequency and period are inversely related. By combining real-time visualization with physical output, it bridges theoretical concepts with practical observation.
Code:
https://github.com/ukkokalevala/Time-Domain-Frequency-Visualization-System.git

Видео Mini Oscilloscope: Visualizing Frequency and Period (f = 1/T) канала Electricum