Chapters (8) How the Internet Works

The provided sources offer a comprehensive overview of fundamental concepts in computer networking, beginning with definitions of networks like **LAN** and **WAN** and the global **Internet**, outlining necessary connection components such as the **ISP** and **Router**. The material explains network interaction models, including the **Client-server system** and **Peer-to-peer system**, and details data exchange methods like **Circuit switching** versus **Packet switching**. Furthermore, the sources cover addressing systems, clarifying the structure and purpose of **IP addresses** (including the shift from **IPv4** to **IPv6**) and **Domain names** facilitated by **DNS**. Finally, the text describes essential **Communication protocols** such as **TCP/IP** and its four layers, the mechanisms for browsing the **WWW** and sending **Email**, and the calculations for determining **Network Transfer Speed** in **bps**.

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