V2 rocket Vergeltungswaffe 2 (Aggregat-4 A4 ballistic missile)

The V2 rocket (German: Vergeltungswaffe 2, i.e. reprisal weapon 2), technical name Aggregat-4 (A4), was a ballistic missile that was developed at the beginning of the Second World War in Germany, specifically targeted at London and later Antwerp. The rocket was the world's first long-range[3] combat-ballistic missile[4] and first known non-human-piloted artifact to achieve sub-orbital spaceflight.[5] It was the progenitor of all modern rockets,[6] including those used by the United States and Soviet Union space programs, which gained access to the scientists and designs through Operation Paperclip and Operation Osoaviakhim.[7]

The weapon was presented by Nazi propaganda as a retaliation for the bombers that succeeded in attacking ever more German cities from 1942 until the end of the war.[8]

Over 3,000 V-2s were launched as military rockets by the German Wehrmacht against Allied targets during the war, mostly London and later Antwerp. The attacks resulted in the death of an estimated 7,250 military personnel and civilians[citation needed], while 12,000 forced laborers were killed at the production of the weapons

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