DIVERSITY OF FUNGI

In this video we'll illustrate the characteristics of Fungi. We will demonstrate Body structure of Fungi , how fungi obtain nutrients, the four main types of fungi, Some Life cycles and Practice questions..

OBJECTIVES:
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By the end of the Lesson you should be able to:
• Illustrate the characteristics of Fungi.
• Describe how fungi obtain nutrients.
• Identify the four main types of fungi.
• Summarize the life cycles of club fungus and bread mold.

Characteristics of Fungi:
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• Fungi are adapted to absorb their food from the environment.
• Fungal cell walls are made of chitin.
• Fungi don’t have chlorophyll can’t preform photosynthesis.
• Fungi absorb food through hyphae.
• Fungi are adapted to absorb their food from the environment.
• Fungal cell walls are made of chitin.
• Fungi don’t have chlorophyll can’t preform photosynthesis.
• Fungi absorb food through hyphae.

Body structure of Fungi:
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• Fungi are multicellular organisms, with the exception of yeasts.
• Hyphae : The bodies of multicellular fungi are made of long strands called hyphae
• Mycellium: Is an underground network of hyphae
• Fruiting body: Is a reproductive structure of a fungus that grows above ground. Mushrooms are one type of fruiting body.

Types of Fungi:
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1- Zygomycota:
• Form zygospores during reproduction
• Most bread molds get their food by decomposing dead or decaying organic matter.
• However, at least one group of bread molds gets food through a symbiotic relationship.
• Mycorrhizae are fungi that live in a mutualistic relationship with the roots of certain plants.
• These fungi change nitrogen into a form that plants can use.
• The plant gets usable nitrogen. The fungus gets food and a place to live.

2- Ascomycota(Sac fungi ):
• These fungi all form a sac that contains spores for reproduction.
• Morels and truffles are multicellular sac fungi
3- Basidiomycota(Club fungi ):
• These fungi have fruiting bodies shaped like clubs.
• Have reproductive structures
called basidia
• This group includes mushrooms, rusts and smuts, which are two types of fungi that cause diseases in plants.
4- Deutromycota(Primitive fungi ):
• Primitive fungi The simplest type of fungi are called the primitive fungi.
• Most live in the water and have spores with flagella that help them to move.

Life cycle of Zygomycota:
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• The phylum, zygomycota, is a type of free–living terrestrial fungi
• Bread molds reproduce asexually when there is plenty of food.
• During asexual reproduction in zygomycetes, haploid spores are shed from the tips of specialized hyphae.
• They are carried by the wind to new locations where they germinate.
Life cycle of Zygomycota:
• During sexual reproduction in zygomycetes, a zygosporangium forms from the fusion of nuclei from the cells of two different hyphae.
• When environmental conditions are favorable, zygotes in the zygosporangium germinate forming new sporangia.
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Видео DIVERSITY OF FUNGI канала BIOPILLS