Update
https://www.gov.uk/government/news/new-data-show-vaccines-reduce-severe-covid-19-in-older-adults
Early effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination with BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine and ChAdOx1 adenovirus vector vaccine on symptomatic disease, hospitalisations and mortality in older adults in the UK: a test negative case control study
https://khub.net/documents/135939561/430986542/Early+effectiveness+of+COVID+vaccines.pdf/ffd7161c-b255-8e88-c2dc-88979fc2cc1b?t=1614617945615
Objectives
Real-world effectiveness of the Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2 vaccine and …
Astrazeneca ChAdOx1 vaccine against….
Confirmed COVID-19, hospitalisations and deaths
To estimate effectiveness on the UK variant of concern.
Setting
Community COVID-19 PCR testing in England
8th December 2020 and 19th February 2021
All adults in England aged 70 years and older (over 7.5 million)
All symptomatic COVID-19 testing in the community in over 70s
Test negative case control design
174,731 PCR tests
156,930 of these (89.8%) linked to vaccination data
44,590 (28.4%) were positive tests
112,340 (71.6%) were negative
Interventions
One and two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine
One dose of ChAdOx1 vaccine
Main outcome measures
Symptomatic PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection
Hospitalisations and deaths with COVID-19.
Symptomatic disease infection risk Results
Individuals aged more than 80 years vaccinated with Pfizer BNT162b2
Higher odds of testing positive in the first 9 days after vaccination (odds ratio up to 1.48)
Vaccine effects were noted from 10-13 days after vaccination
Reaching an effectiveness of 70% from 28-34 days, then plateauing
From 14 days after the second dose, vaccine effectiveness was 89%
(Fewer than 10 over 80 sent to ITU every day in UK)
Individuals aged more than70 years
Pfizer BNT162b2
Vaccine effectiveness reached 61% from 28-34 days then plateaued
AZ ChAdOx1
Vaccine effects, were seen from 14-20 days
Reaching an effectiveness of 60% from 28-34 days
Further increasing to 73% from day 35 onwards
Risk of emergency hospitalisation and death results
One dose of BNT162b2
Additional 43% lower risk of emergency hospitalisation
Additional 51% lower risk of death
One dose of ChAdOx1
Additional 37% lower risk of emergency hospitalisation
Insufficient follow-up to assess the effect of ChAdOx1 on mortality
Combined with the effect against symptomatic disease
Single dose of either vaccine is approximately 80% effective at preventing hospitalisation
Single dose of BNT162b2 is 85% effective at preventing death
Single dose of ChAdOx1 unknown protective effect against death
Conclusion
Significant reduction in symptomatic SARS-CoV2 positive cases in older adults
Even greater protection against severe disease
Both vaccines show similar effects
Protection was maintained for more than 6 weeks
A second dose of BNT162b2 provides further protection against symptomatic disease
Second doses of ChAdOx1 have not yet been rolled out in England
There is a clear effect of the vaccines against the UK variant of concern
Professor Jonathan Van-Tam
Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation
not immunologically plausible the vaccine would work in younger age groups and not older ones.
Dr Mary Ramsay, PHE's head of immunisation, said it could.
If anything we would expect it to be a stronger protection from the vaccine
Lower down in the age range is that people's chances of being hospitalised and dying are much lower
France
Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine, can be given to people with underlying health conditions in the 65-74 age group
1.1m doses in country
Germany
Still not giving the AstraZeneca to the over-65s
Now under discussion
Large stocks of that vaccine waiting to be used
(Belgium, Poland, Italy, Sweden)
Professor Andrew Pollard, Oxford Vaccine group
Findings were stunning
5,000 people dying every day in Europe, important to increase confidence in vaccines
disappointing in some senses
really high levels of protection
support their decision making
Oxford vaccine distributed to low-income countries, Covax scheme
Видео Update канала Dr. John Campbell
Early effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination with BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine and ChAdOx1 adenovirus vector vaccine on symptomatic disease, hospitalisations and mortality in older adults in the UK: a test negative case control study
https://khub.net/documents/135939561/430986542/Early+effectiveness+of+COVID+vaccines.pdf/ffd7161c-b255-8e88-c2dc-88979fc2cc1b?t=1614617945615
Objectives
Real-world effectiveness of the Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2 vaccine and …
Astrazeneca ChAdOx1 vaccine against….
Confirmed COVID-19, hospitalisations and deaths
To estimate effectiveness on the UK variant of concern.
Setting
Community COVID-19 PCR testing in England
8th December 2020 and 19th February 2021
All adults in England aged 70 years and older (over 7.5 million)
All symptomatic COVID-19 testing in the community in over 70s
Test negative case control design
174,731 PCR tests
156,930 of these (89.8%) linked to vaccination data
44,590 (28.4%) were positive tests
112,340 (71.6%) were negative
Interventions
One and two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine
One dose of ChAdOx1 vaccine
Main outcome measures
Symptomatic PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection
Hospitalisations and deaths with COVID-19.
Symptomatic disease infection risk Results
Individuals aged more than 80 years vaccinated with Pfizer BNT162b2
Higher odds of testing positive in the first 9 days after vaccination (odds ratio up to 1.48)
Vaccine effects were noted from 10-13 days after vaccination
Reaching an effectiveness of 70% from 28-34 days, then plateauing
From 14 days after the second dose, vaccine effectiveness was 89%
(Fewer than 10 over 80 sent to ITU every day in UK)
Individuals aged more than70 years
Pfizer BNT162b2
Vaccine effectiveness reached 61% from 28-34 days then plateaued
AZ ChAdOx1
Vaccine effects, were seen from 14-20 days
Reaching an effectiveness of 60% from 28-34 days
Further increasing to 73% from day 35 onwards
Risk of emergency hospitalisation and death results
One dose of BNT162b2
Additional 43% lower risk of emergency hospitalisation
Additional 51% lower risk of death
One dose of ChAdOx1
Additional 37% lower risk of emergency hospitalisation
Insufficient follow-up to assess the effect of ChAdOx1 on mortality
Combined with the effect against symptomatic disease
Single dose of either vaccine is approximately 80% effective at preventing hospitalisation
Single dose of BNT162b2 is 85% effective at preventing death
Single dose of ChAdOx1 unknown protective effect against death
Conclusion
Significant reduction in symptomatic SARS-CoV2 positive cases in older adults
Even greater protection against severe disease
Both vaccines show similar effects
Protection was maintained for more than 6 weeks
A second dose of BNT162b2 provides further protection against symptomatic disease
Second doses of ChAdOx1 have not yet been rolled out in England
There is a clear effect of the vaccines against the UK variant of concern
Professor Jonathan Van-Tam
Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation
not immunologically plausible the vaccine would work in younger age groups and not older ones.
Dr Mary Ramsay, PHE's head of immunisation, said it could.
If anything we would expect it to be a stronger protection from the vaccine
Lower down in the age range is that people's chances of being hospitalised and dying are much lower
France
Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine, can be given to people with underlying health conditions in the 65-74 age group
1.1m doses in country
Germany
Still not giving the AstraZeneca to the over-65s
Now under discussion
Large stocks of that vaccine waiting to be used
(Belgium, Poland, Italy, Sweden)
Professor Andrew Pollard, Oxford Vaccine group
Findings were stunning
5,000 people dying every day in Europe, important to increase confidence in vaccines
disappointing in some senses
really high levels of protection
support their decision making
Oxford vaccine distributed to low-income countries, Covax scheme
Видео Update канала Dr. John Campbell
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