Why a public S3 bucket leaks 100M records | cybersecurity interview

The biggest cloud breaches aren't hacks. They're a checkbox set to 'public.'

Cloud misconfiguration, usually overly-permissive IAM or a public storage bucket. You prevent it with secure defaults, least-privilege IAM, and automated scanning that catches exposed resources.

The cloud makes it one click to expose data to the internet. Defaults, copy-pasted permissions, and 'allow *' policies pile up. No exploit needed, the door was left open, so the fix is guardrails, not patching.

The defense:
- Default to private, block public access at the account level
- Apply least-privilege IAM, no wildcard permissions, scope every role
- Scan continuously for public buckets, open ports, and risky policies
- Use guardrails (service control policies) so a misconfig is rejected, not just flagged

The gotcha: least privilege fights developer convenience, so people grant broad access 'to make it work' and never tighten it. The hard part isn't knowing the rule, it's enforcing it as infra scales.

Hard guardrails that block deploys, or scanning that alerts after the fact?

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Видео Why a public S3 bucket leaks 100M records | cybersecurity interview канала The Cyber Round