Complete Research Methodology in one night | Suggestion and PYQ MAKAUT AKTU | Most Important

Here’s a complete and focused "One-Night Study Plan" for Research Methodology based on MAKAUT/AKTU university syllabus — perfect for last-minute preparation with important topics, PYQ types, and smart tips.

📚 Research Methodology — One Night Study Plan (Crash Guide)
✅ I. Key Units and What to Focus On
🔹 1. Meaning and Objectives of Research
Definition of research

Types: Fundamental vs. Applied, Qualitative vs. Quantitative

Characteristics of good research

Objectives: Exploratory, Descriptive, Diagnostic, Hypothesis-testing

📌 PYQs:

"Define research and explain its characteristics."

"Differentiate between qualitative and quantitative research."

🔹 2. Research Problem & Formulation
Selecting and defining a problem

Review of literature

Research gap and how to frame research questions

Hypothesis: Null vs. Alternative

📌 PYQs:

"Explain the criteria of a good research problem."

"What is hypothesis? Explain its types with examples."

🔹 3. Research Design
Types: Exploratory, Descriptive, Experimental

Sample vs. Population

Sampling techniques: Random, Stratified, Cluster, etc.

Variables: Dependent, Independent, Confounding

📌 PYQs:

"What is research design? Explain its types with examples."

"Differentiate between probability and non-probability sampling."

🔹 4. Data Collection & Analysis
Primary vs. Secondary data

Tools: Questionnaire, Interview, Observation

Scaling techniques: Likert scale, Semantic differential

Statistical tools (basic level): Mean, Median, Mode, Standard deviation

📌 PYQs:

"Explain different methods of data collection."

"What is the importance of scaling in research?"

🔹 5. Report Writing & Ethics
Structure of a research report

Plagiarism and referencing (APA/IEEE style)

Research ethics (fabrication, falsification, copyright, IPR basics)

📌 PYQs:

"Write a short note on plagiarism."

"Discuss components of a research report."

🔥 Most Important Topics to Memorize Tonight
Topic Why It’s Important
Definition & types of research Repeats every year
Hypothesis (Null/Alternative) Always asked with examples
Research design types Simple but frequently asked
Sampling methods Often asked in MCQs
Plagiarism & research ethics Easy marks in theory questions
Structure of research report Scoring in long questions

📝 Last-Minute Strategy (1-Night)
⏳ 0–2 Hours: Basics & Hypothesis
Understand research types, objectives

Practice short questions on hypothesis & problem formulation

⏳ 2–4 Hours: Design & Sampling
Memorize types of research design

Study sampling methods with examples

⏳ 4–5 Hours: Data Collection & Scaling
Revise tools: questionnaire, observation

Understand scaling techniques (Likert is most common)

⏳ 5–6 Hours: Ethics + PYQs Practice
Review plagiarism, ethics, and referencing styles

Solve last 3 years of PYQs if available (short answers)

📘 Final Revision Tip (Before Exam)
Write 1-line definitions (sticky notes style)

Memorize 3 points for each important heading

Practice flowcharts for:

Research Process

Report Structure

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