Diversity Of Life - Part -6| Kingdom Monera Part -2 | CSIR NET Life sciences

Eubacteria is a large group of bacteria having rigid cell walls, flagella, DNA (single circular chromosome), and a single cell lacking a nucleus. Characteristics of Eubacteria
 1.⁠ ⁠They are unicellular, prokaryotic microorganisms; however, some bacterial colonies are found in filaments or aggregates in the form of surface biofilm.
 2.⁠ ⁠They have flagella, which helps in locomotion.
 3.⁠ ⁠Eubacteria reproduce by binary fission or by budding.
 4.⁠ ⁠Some of the eubacteria have pilli (small appendages on the cell’s surface, the function of pilli is to help in sexual reproduction).
 5.⁠ ⁠The cell wall is made up of peptidoglycan (murein) in a cross-linked chain pattern.
 6.⁠ ⁠A chromosome is single and circular, but some bacteria have two chromosomes (like vibrio cholera), while other species have a linear chromosome, and nucleosomes may be present.
 7.⁠ ⁠Eubacteria lack a membrane-bound nucleus.
 8.⁠ ⁠The size of the bacteria ranges from 0.2 to greater than 5 micrometers.
 9.⁠ ⁠Their cells consist of lipids, carbohydrates, protein, and nucleic acid.
10.⁠ ⁠Depending upon the peptidoglycan in the cell wall and the gram stain they take, eubacteria are classified as Gram-positive and Gram-negative.
11.⁠ ⁠The plasma membrane contains cytosol (fluid), which is primarily composed of water (80%), but it has a gel-like consistency due to the presence of dissolved nutrients, DNA, cytoskeletal elements, and other substances.
12.⁠ ⁠They have 70S-type ribosomes as organelles composed of RNA and protein that complete the process of translation.
13.⁠ ⁠The shape of the eubacteria is different, such as cocci, bacilli, rods, vibrio, filament, or spirochetes.
14.⁠ ⁠Introns are absent in eubacteria.
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