16 Strangest Monkey Species On Earth

From red-skulled creatures and howlers … to primates with enormous noses ... Here are 16 of the strangest monkey species on Earth!

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#16 Emperor Tamarins
The story goes that this particular species of Tamarin was so-named due to an alleged resemblance to German emperor Wilhelm the Second. We’re not 100-percent sure about that. Regardless, these small New World monkeys definitely have a singular appearance with that extreme handlebar moustache.

#15 Mantled Howlers
At some 22 pounds (10 kg) these critters from Central and South America rank as one of the largest monkeys within their range. Given their size it’s interesting to note that they are the only Central American monkeys known to consume mass quantities of leaves.

#14 Red-Shanked Douc Langur
Prior to 1967, these animals had never been studied. Native to Vietnam, Thailand, and other countries of Indochina, they occupy habitats ranging from rainforests to mountainous terrain rising some 6,600 feet high (2,000 m).

#13 Gelada Baboons
These Old World Monkeys are found in the highlands of Ethiopia, often at altitudes exceeding 14,000 feet (4,267 m). And that’s the only place where they occur in the wild. They’re often called baboons, although experts say they actually regard them as members of their own genus.

#12 Mandrills
These animals resemble baboons, and were once classified as such. Now they occupy a separate genus, along with one other species. Weighing more than 80 pounds (37 kg), Mandrills are the world’s heaviest living monkeys.

#11 Tibetan Macaque
As the common name suggests, these large primates are found in Tibet. But they’ve also been observed in northwest China and areas of northern India. Weighing about 43 pounds (20 kg) and 28 inches long (71 cm), they’re among the largest monkeys in Asia.

#10 Bald Uakari
These monkeys from the Amazon River Basin are bald by virtue of genetics. But they actually do have some long hair, although none of it sprouts on their head! The vivid red coloration makes for a startling sight. It results from a lack of pigmentation. along with blood vessels that are located close to their skin.

#9 De Brazza’s Monkey
Weighing about 15 pounds (7 kg), males of this species are about twice as large as females. The Old World monkeys are one of the most widespread tree-dwelling primates in Africa. Named for a European explorer, their size and coloration wouldn’t seem suitable for camouflage. Yet, these animals are very adept at staying hidden from humans and predators.

#8 Golden Langur
One of India's most endangered primate species can be found within a 60-mile (155 km) area in the country’s northeastern region. Its golden coat creates a memorable contrast to its ebony face, but the fur changes color with the seasons.

#7 Celebes Crested Macaques
These Old World critters are found in Sulawesi, also known as Celebes. They also occur on smaller islands nearby, and all of them are listed as critically endangered. At around 23 pounds (10 kg), it’s one of the smaller Macaque species, and spends most of the day foraging on the ground.

#6 White Faced Saki
One of the more distinctive faces on our list belongs to these primates found in South America. They stay on the ground while foraging. But at night, they’ll sleep in trees that rise some 66 feet high (20 m) where leaves hide them from predators. They have a varied diet, consisting of fruits, insects, and small birds.

#5 Golden Snub Nosed Monkeys
These animals thrive at elevations of around 11,500 feet (3,500 m) above sea level. At those extremes they have adapted to survive frigid temperatures better than any other non-human primate known to date. They’re endemic to forested regions of southwest China, and are not often glimpsed outside of their range.

#4 Lesula Monkey
These primates weren’t discovered in rainforests of the Democratic Republic of Congo until 2007. Five years later they were officially confirmed as only the second new species of African monkey found since 1984.

#3 Hamadryas Baboons
These primates are also called Sacred baboons because they were once revered by the Ancient Egyptians as a god of learning. These days, they’re no longer found in Egypt. But the hardy animals do occur in Ethiopia and Saudi Arabia among other regions.

#2 Pygmy Marmoset Monkeys
There are 22 species of marmoset monkeys, and this is the smallest one. And with adults rarely weighing more than 3.5 ounces (100 grams), Pygmy Marmosets are recognized as the smallest true monkeys in the entire world.

#1 Proboscis Monkeys
These Old World monkeys are endemic to the island of Borneo in southeast Asia. Since proboscis is another term for ‘nose’, you might say their distinguishing physical trait is as plain as the nose on their face.

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