Complete Guide to Commands of DML in SQL 🔥 | INSERT UPDATE DELETE SELECT | Class 11 & 12 CS/IP

Welcome to this complete guide on DML Commands in SQL designed especially for Class 11 and Class 12 Computer Science (CS) and Informatics Practices (IP) students. In this video, we will learn the most important SQL commands used to manipulate data inside a database.
If you are learning Database Management Systems (DBMS) or preparing for school exams, practical exams, or competitive exams, understanding DML commands is extremely important. These commands allow us to add, modify, retrieve, and delete data from database tables.
This video explains each command in a simple and beginner-friendly way with examples so that students can clearly understand how SQL works in real database environments.
What is SQL?
SQL stands for Structured Query Language. It is the standard language used to communicate with relational databases. Using SQL, we can perform different operations such as creating tables, inserting data, updating records, deleting data, and retrieving information.
SQL is widely used in software development, data analysis, web development, data science, and database administration.
Some popular databases that use SQL include:
• MySQL
• Oracle Database
• Microsoft SQL Server
• PostgreSQL
• SQLite
Learning SQL is a very valuable skill for students interested in programming and technology careers.
What are DML Commands?
DML stands for Data Manipulation Language.
DML commands are used to manipulate or modify the data stored inside database tables. These commands help users interact with data by inserting new records, updating existing records, deleting records, or retrieving information.
The main DML commands in SQL are:
• SELECT
• INSERT
• UPDATE
• DELETE
These commands are essential for working with databases in real-world applications.
1. SELECT Command in SQL
The SELECT command is used to retrieve data from a database table. It is one of the most commonly used SQL commands.
Using SELECT, we can display:
• All records from a table
• Specific columns from a table
• Data that matches certain conditions
Example:
SELECT * FROM students;
This query retrieves all columns and all records from the students table.
Example:
SELECT name, marks FROM students;
This query retrieves only the name and marks columns from the table.
Students should practice different SELECT queries to understand how to retrieve information efficiently.
2. INSERT Command in SQL
The INSERT command is used to add new records into a table.
When a new student, employee, or product is added to a database, the INSERT command is used.
Example:
INSERT INTO students (id, name, marks) VALUES (1, 'Rahul', 85);
This command inserts a new record into the students table.
Students must ensure that the data type and order of values match the table structure.
3. UPDATE Command in SQL
The UPDATE command is used to modify existing records in a table.
For example, if a student's marks need to be corrected, the UPDATE command can be used.
Example:
UPDATE students SET marks = 90 WHERE id = 1;
This query updates the marks of the student whose id is 1.
The WHERE clause is important because it specifies which record should be updated. Without it, all records in the table may be updated.
4. DELETE Command in SQL
The DELETE command is used to remove records from a database table.
Example:
9 such as:
• Banking systems
• Online shopping websites
• Social media platforms
• School and university databases
• Hospital management systems
Whenever a system stores and retrieves information, SQL databases are often used behind the scenes.
Tips for Students Learning SQL
To master SQL effectively, students should:
• Practice writing queries regularly
• Create sample tables and experiment with commands
• Understand database structure clearly
• Learn how different SQL commands work together
• Solve practice problems and previous exam questions
Consistent practice will make SQL much easier to understand.
Who Should Watch This Video?
This video is perfect for:
• Class 11 Computer Science students
• Class 12 Computer Science students
• Informatics Practices students
• Beginners learning SQL
• Students preparing for exams
• Anyone interested in learning databases
What You Will Learn in This Video
By watching this video, you will understand:
• What SQL is
• What DML commands are
• How SELECT command works
• How to insert data into tables
• How to update existing records
• How to delete records safely
• Examples of SQL queries used in databases
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