Electrodeless Ring Discharge History (since 1884!)

In this video I wanted to share the information that the scientific research can provide about recently-popular topic of plasma toroids. Plasma toroid, more formally known as "Electrodeless Ring Discharge", turns out to be well-studied at the beginning of the XX century by the scientific community, in particular by a prominent British physicist J.J. Thomson, the discoverer of the electron. I hope this information will prove itself useful to the modern builders and researchers of plasma toroid circuits.

References:
BackMacSci's video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xu49UykzJjs&t=3s&ab_channel=BackMacSci

teslacoilpro's video (on Instagram):
https://www.instagram.com/p/Ch2mvUPo8EW/

zilipoper's video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2kuVR8caqOM&ab_channel=zilipoper

Lots of videos with plasma toroid experiments can be found at kcakarevska's channel:
https://www.youtube.com/@kcakarevska/videos

You can find a lot of information about the electrodeless ring discharge by typing "electrodeless ring discharge" into Google Scholar:
https://scholar.google.com/

Some detailed papers about the electrodeless ring discharge from J.J. Thomson:

On the discharge of electricity through exhausted tubes without electrodes (1891):
https://archive.org/details/londonedinburgh5321891lon/page/320/mode/2up

The electrodeless discharge through gases (1927):
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14786441108564414

Update: I have translated the subchapter of Kaptsov's book about the electrodeless ring discharge to English. You can read it here: https://docs.google.com/document/d/17Jjo1K_ud8pRcb-rwpznrFdL0n-aweE3rKRmwp1ZLBs/edit?usp=sharing

Видео Electrodeless Ring Discharge History (since 1884!) канала Vidduley