Set permanent DNS nameservers on Ubuntu/Debian with resolv.conf

Setting custom DNS servers on Linux can increase performance, security and even thwart some websites using Geo-blocking via DNS. There are two ways to do this: Using Network Manager GUI that’s included in many Linux distros like Debian, Ubuntu and derivatives; or using resolv.conf (not directly, but via the head file).

This guide will use resolv.conf, see my other guide for setting custom DNS servers using Network Manager or Netplan: https://www.ricmedia.com/set-custom-dns-servers-on-ubuntu-18-or-20/

FYI: The resolv.conf file is overwritten on each boot so we can’t edit this file directly. Instead, we edit one of the two files used to create the resolv.conf file, those being the head and base files. We’ll be editing the head file so that each boot-up, resolv.conf gets written with our custom DNS servers at the top.

CODE:
(check to see if resolvconf is installed)
sudo systemctl status resolvconf.service

(install resolveconf package)
sudo apt update
sudo apt install resolvconf

(confirm resolveconf is running)
sudo systemctl status resolvconf.service

(if resolveconf isn't running, enable then start it)
sudo systemctl enable resolvconf.service
sudo systemctl start resolvconf.service

(check resolveconf status)
sudo systemctl status resolvconf.service

(edit the head file)
sudo nano /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/head

(enter your nameservers below the comments)
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4

(update resolve.conf file)
sudo resolvconf --enable-updates
sudo resolvconf -u

(check if changes we successful)
sudo nano /etc/resolv.conf

Free DNS providers:

Before changing DNS servers, you’ll need to find a third-party DNS provider, there are plenty of good (and free) services available. I recommend Google DNS which is what I use and have never had an issue.

I will list here the most popular DNS providers:

GOOGLE
Primary IPv4: 8.8.8.8
Secondary IPv4: 8.8.4.4
Preferred IPv6: 2001:4860:4860::8888
Alternate IPv6: 2001:4860:4860::8844
OPENDNS
Primary: 208.67.222.222
Secondary: 208.67.220.220
Preferred IPv6: 2620:0:ccc::2
Alternate IPv6: 2620:0:ccd::2
DNS.WATCH
Primary: 84.200.69.80
Secondary: 84.200.70.40
LEVEL3
Primary: 209.244.0.3
Secondary: 209.244.0.4
NORTON
Primary: 199.85.126.10
Secondary: 199.85.127.10
COMMODO
Primary: 8.26.56.26
Secondary: 8.20.247.20
VERISIGN
Primary: 64.6.64.6
Secondary: 64.6.65.6
MORE SERVERS…
See: https://www.lifewire.com/free-and-public-dns-servers-2626062
See: http://public-dns.info/

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