Human Genetics Methods Part 2 | Population Genetics | Molecular Genetics | UGC Anthropology

Methods of Studying Human Genetics part 2 | UGC NET Anthropology Unit 3 Paper 2
Welcome to this in-depth lecture on the Methods of Studying Human Genetics, a key topic from Unit 3 of Paper 2 in UGC NET Anthropology. This session breaks down the major approaches used in understanding genetic inheritance and variation in human populations.

Human genetics is studied using several complementary methods to understand how traits are inherited and how genetic variation is maintained in populations. Cytogenetics involves examining chromosomes through karyotyping to detect structural and numerical abnormalities. Mendelian genetics explores inheritance patterns based on Gregor Mendel’s laws, useful for tracing single-gene disorders. Twin studies compare monozygotic and dizygotic twins to distinguish genetic influences from environmental ones. Sib-pair methods analyze shared traits between siblings to identify genetic links to diseases. Population genetics focuses on gene frequencies and evolutionary forces like mutation, selection, and genetic drift using principles like the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Molecular genetics dives deeper into the DNA level, using tools like PCR and gene sequencing to study gene structure and function. Together, these methods provide a comprehensive framework for exploring human heredity, variation, and evolution.

Topics Covered:
Population Genetics – Gene frequencies, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and evolutionary forces
Molecular Genetics – DNA, genes, PCR, gene mapping, and modern genomic techniques

Chapters
00:00 Introduction
00:29 Recap of Part 1
20:06 Population Genetics
43:41 Molecular Genetics
59:00 PYQ Insights

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Notes: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Rg_jm7Z9toATr_1WBeSHFDs0fGPG9xMc/view
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