Ketone Bodies (Part 2 of 4) - Ketone Body Synthesis / Ketogenesis

Moof's Medical Biochemistry Video Course: http://moof-university.thinkific.com/courses/medical-biochemistry-for-usmle-step-1-exam

In this video, I detail the pathway of Ketone Body Synthesis, commonly known as Ketogenesis.

Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondrial matrix of hepatocytes (liver cells).

The pathway begins with the condensation of two Acetyl-CoA molecules, forming an Acetoacetyl-CoA (catalyzed by Thiolase). The second step involves the condensation of another Acetyl-CoA molecule to form HMG-CoA (catalyzed by HMG-CoA Synthase). The third step is the cleavage of HMG-CoA, producing Acetoacetate (a ketone body), while releasing an Acetyl-CoA. Acetoacetate can 1) be decarboxylated (either spontaneous or enzymatically by Acetoacetate Decarboxylase) to yield Acetone (another ketone body) or 2) be reduced to D--Hydroxybutyrate by D--Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase, requiring an NADH as a coenzyme.

It’s worth mentioning that this pathway does NOT occur to a great extent in healthy people under normal conditions. It happens to a very minimal extent, and very few ketone bodies are synthesized during normal physiology.

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Видео Ketone Bodies (Part 2 of 4) - Ketone Body Synthesis / Ketogenesis канала Moof University