Northern Mariana Island - All you need to know - Geography, Government, History, People and Culture

Flag, Geography, Government, History, Economy, Climate, People and Culture
Northern Mariana Island is composed of 22 islands and islets. You can fly from South Korea, China, Japan, Hong Kong and Guam to Saipan directly. This is a place to visit if you like water sports, Jet Ski, windsurf, snorkel, and scuba diving. Saipan alone has 18 dive sites, one of the best in the world.
Flag shows three symbols: a star representing the United States, a latte stone representing the Chamorros, and a mwarmwar a decorative wreath representing the Carolinians; the blue background represents the Pacific Ocean and the Mariana Trench. The seal has the same 3 symbol as the flag.
Archipelago of Mariana Islands are located in North Pacific Ocean. Except for Guam, all the other islands in the archipelago are part of the Northern Mariana Island. Northern Mariana Island is in the region of Micronesia in Oceania. Southern islands are limestone. Northern islands are volcanic, with active volcanoes on Anatahan, Pagan and Agrihan. Saipan is the largest island and capital of NMI. Total area of all 15 islands is 464 sq. km2.
The first known Northern Mariana Islands settlers are Chamorro. They came from Philippines, Indonesia, and the Malay Peninsula. They built their homes on latte stones. Spanish explorer Ferdinand Magellan land on the Mariana Islands, claimed for Spain. Magellan 1st named the islands “the islands of the thieves”. The islands were renamed the Marianas by Spanish queen Maria Anna. Most native Chamorro population died from European diseases carried by the Spaniards and the survivors were taken to Guam. Carolinians mainly from Caroline Islands migrated to Mariana Islands. During the Spanish–American War in 1898, Spain lost Guam to America so they sold the rest of the Marianas islands to Germany. Japan declared war on Germany and invaded the Northern Marianas. League of Nations gave control of Northern Marianas Islands to Japan. In the 1920s Japanese started to migrate and built, sugar industry and numerous Japanese including ethnic Koreans, Okinawans and Taiwanese migrated to the islands. In 1939, the island’s population topped 130,000. 1941, hours after the attack on Pearl Harbor, Japanese from the Marianas invaded of Guam. Chamorro from the Northern Marianas were brought to Guam to help the Japanese control Guam. Chamorro treated Guamanian harshly and this incident damage the relationship between neighboring islands. Japan considered Saipan as the last line of defenses for the homeland and had strong military present.
The US Marine and Army landed in Saipan in June 1944 and spent more than three weeks in heavy fighting. Over 3000 US soldiers killed and over 10,000 wounded. Almost 30,000 Japanese Solders killed or committed suicide. Some 20,000 Japanese civilians died, including over 1,000 who committed suicide rather than be taken prisoner. After the WW 2 ended Northern Marianas was administered by the United States under United Nations Trust Territory and become responsible for defense and foreign affairs. There were four referenda between 1958 and 1969 offering integration with Guam or changes to the islands' status, a majority voted in favor of integration with Guam.
Northern marina Island population of about 57,000.
Northern Marianas Islands is a trilingual country English, Chamorro, and Carolinian, al 3 of them are official language. Philippine languages, Chinese, and other Pacific island languages are also spoken by many. Majority of Chamorro and Carolinians are Roman Catholics. Protestants are the second highest. The Japanese occupation had the effect of as about 10 % of Marianas are Buddhist. Much of Mariana cuisine is influenced by various cultures. Popular foods include various types of sweet or savory empanada, originally introduced from Spain, and pancit a noodle dish from the Philippines. A red rice dish is a staple Chamorro cuisine. Fruits such as breadfruit, mangoes, coconuts), and bilimbines are included in many recipes.
Northern Mariana Island is a commonwealth of the United States. They do not vote in US presidential election. Northern Mariana Islanders elects 1 delegate to the US House of Representatives
Tourism is significate contributor to the economy. The Northern Mariana is trying to broaden tourism by extending casino gambling from the small Islands of Tinian and Rota to the main Island of Saipan. Casino is largest taxpayer. Closer to 90 % of people work in service industry, including tourism, gambling and banking which contribute to much of the GDP. Unemployment rate is closer to 11%. Currency – US Dollar.
The Northern Mariana Islands is tropical. Northern Mariana Islands hold the Guinness Records' record for the steadiest temperature. The islands are located in the Typhoon Alley. In 2018, Typhoon Yutu, the second strongest typhoon hit Saipan

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