Immunity innate and acquired | Barriers | Antibodies

The provided text outlines the fundamental mechanisms of the human immune system, which serves as a vital defense against diverse infectious agents. Humans possess innate immunity, a foundational protection present from birth that utilizes physical, physiological, and cellular barriers to block or destroy invading microbes. In contrast, acquired immunity is a highly specific system that identifies unique pathogens and retains a memory of them to trigger faster, more powerful responses during future infections. This adaptive defense relies on B-lymphocytes, which generate antibodies, and T-lymphocytes, which manage cellular responses and help the body distinguish between its own tissues and foreign grafts. Furthermore, the source distinguishes between active immunity, where the body produces its own antibodies, and passive immunity, which involves the transfer of ready-made antibodies from external sources like a mother to her child. Through these integrated systems, the body maintains its health by successfully neutralizing potential biological threats.

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