Pathophysiology of Parkinson's Disease

Please read and agree to the disclaimer before watching this video.
. Parkinson's is a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder of the melanin-containing-dopaminergic neurons in the anterior part of the substantia nigra pars compacta.
In this video, Dr. Mobeen Syed discusses the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease.
Nerve fibers from the cell body of neurons in the substantia nigra go to the neostriatum giving the nigrostriatal pathway of nerve impulses. It is a dopaminergic pathway that releases GABA (inhibitory) as a neurotransmitter.
Dr. Mobeen Syed explains that in the direct pathway of movement, nerve fibers from the motor cortex go into the striatum, from there to globus pallidus internus, then to the thalamus, and go back to the motor cortex.
In the indirect pathway of movement, the nerve fibers from the motor cortex go into the striatum, then to globus pallidus externus, from there to subthalamic nuclei, to globus pallidus internus, to the thalamus, and then go back to the motor cortex.
The direct pathway of movement is a neuronal pathway within the central nervous system (CNS) through the basal ganglia, which facilitates the initiation and execution of voluntary-movements.
The indirect pathway of movement is a neuronal circuit through the basal ganglia and several associated nuclei within the central nervous system (CNS), which helps to prevent unwanted muscle contractions from competing with voluntary movements.
Usually, thalamus works to excite the motor area, and is in turn, inhibited by the basal ganglia.
If basal ganglia are not causing the inhibition of thalamus, then thalamus excites the motor cortex and causes rigidity (Parkinson's disease).
Cerebrum and substantia nigra together modulate the muscle tone.
So, in Parkinson's disease, neurodegeneration in the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra causes rigidity and loss of tonal modulation.

The following topics have discussed in the video:
* Nigrostriatal pathway
* Neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra
* Direct-pathway of movement
* Indirect-pathway of movement
* Mechanism of rigidity
* Mechanism of loss of tonal modulation ...

Disclaimer:
This video is not intended to provide assessment, diagnosis, treatment, or medical advice; it also does not constitute provision of healthcare services. The content provided in this video is for informational and educational purposes only.
Please consult with a physician or healthcare professional regarding any medical or mental health related diagnosis or treatment. No information in this video should ever be considered as a substitute for advice from a healthcare professional. ...
Disclaimer:
This video is not intended to provide assessment, diagnosis, treatment, or medical advice; it also does not constitute provision of healthcare services. The content provided in this video is for informational and educational purposes only.
Please consult with a physician or healthcare professional regarding any medical or mental health related diagnosis or treatment. No information in this video should ever be considered as a substitute for advice from a healthcare professional.

Видео Pathophysiology of Parkinson's Disease канала Drbeen Medical Lectures