Explain MAC Address and How It Defer From IP Address | Computer Network.

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Explain MAC address and how it differs from IP address.

A MAC address (Media Access Control address) is a unique number that
identifies a device on a network. It is assigned to the network interface card (NIC)
in your device, such as a computer, smartphone, or printer. This address is used
to allow devices to communicate within a local network. It is permanent and
doesn’t change, even if the device is connected to different networks. MAC
addresses are written in a format like: 00:14:22:01:23:45, where each pair of
characters represents a number in hexadecimal (base 16).

An IP address (Internet Protocol address), on the other hand, is used to identify a
device on a larger network, such as the internet. It tells other devices where to
send information, like websites or emails, by pointing to the device’s location on
the network. Unlike the MAC address, an IP address can change. For example,
when you connect to a different Wi-Fi network, your IP address will change, but
your MAC address will stay the same. IP addresses are usually written in two
types: IPv4 (e.g., 192.168.0.1) and IPv6 (e.g.,
2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334).

The main differences between a MAC address and an IP address are:

1. Purpose:
A MAC address is used for local network communication, while an IP address is
used for communication between devices on different networks, like the internet.

2. Permanence:
MAC addresses are fixed to the device and do not change. IP
addresses can change depending on the network you are
connected to.

3. Format:
MAC addresses are written in hexadecimal, while IP addresses are written in
numerical form (IPv4 or IPv6).

4. Scope:
The MAC address works within a local network, whereas the IP address is used to
locate devices globally on the internet.

In simple terms, the MAC address identifies a device on a local network, while the
IP address helps find the device on the internet.

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