Harvesting Techniques in Traditional Shrimp Culture || Catch Hundreds Tons Shrimp Fish In a Pond

Methods for harvesting shrimp are diverse' and varied depending upon the requirements of each area. Primitive and age old methods like fishing without gear (handpicking), plunge basket traps and other traditional methods (Gudger, 1952; George et ah, 1968) to modern methods like electric nets (Tseng, 1988; Fast, 1991; Agrawal, 1999) and the pump systems (James and James, 1993), are employed for harvesting shrimp in aquaculture. The traditional gear like traps, drag nets, bag nets, cast nets, gill nets and advanced fishing techniques like pump equipped drag net and electric shocker are still in vogue in aquacultural practices for harvesting cultured shrimps around the world. Methods of harvesting cultured shrimp have been described by a few (Kathirvel, 1978; Fast, 1991; Anon, 1999; Stickney, 1994). Cultured shrimp quality is largely related to harvest techniques and post harvest handling. The shrimps must be harvested within a short time period once it has been reared to a sufficient size for marketing. Some factors like the characteristic behavior of the shrimps are to be considered prior to and during harvesting
Sluice net :
Sluice net is a stationary conical shaped filtering device, which is attached to a wooden or metal frame, fitted into a slot on the sluice gate. The nets are fabricated by hand or machine made webbings are used after shaping it by tailoring. The technical specifications of sluice nets are given in Table 2 and the design of a large sluice net is given in Fig. 1 Sluice nets are widely used in the paddy shrimp filtration fields (Panikkar, 1937; Kathirvel, 1978 ; George et al, 1968)
Drag net:
Small drag net commonly known as Vadi vala or Koruvalai (Fig.4) is also popular for harvesting shrimps in the aquaculture farms among the shrimp farmers in Kerala. Use of this net in the shallow backwaters has been reported (Ramamurthy and Muthu, 1969 and Kurien and Sebastian, 1986). This net is bag shaped and has a fixed mouth opening of about 4x1 m and is about 6 m long. Wooden sticks or bamboo poles of 1.2 m are fixed on both ends of the webbing for holding, pulling and keeping the mouth of the net open. The main webbing is either made of knotted or knotless PA multifilament or PP twisted monofilament of size 210x1x2 or 0.75-1.0 mm diameter with a mesh size of 20 mm in the fore part decreasing to 10 mm in the hind part. Selvedge of three meshes depth of 35 mm is provided for mounting the main webbing to a PE twine of 3.0 mm diameter which is attached to the bamboo pole
Cast nets:
Cast nets or falling nets, as the name implies are thrown over the water surface where catch is expected. It is perhaps the oldest and the simplest method for partial harvest in aquaculture systems. Two types of cast nets (stringed and stringless) types are operated in the aquaculture systems. The technical specifications of cast nets are given in Table. 4. and the design details are given in Fig. 3. Use of cast nets in aquaculture farms has been reported by (Kathirvel, 1978; Unnithan, 1985; Purushan, 1995; SEAFDEC, 1986; and Agrawal, 1999). Fast (1991) observed that in aquaculture, cast netting was not very efficient in terms of kg harvested per man hour, but it could be cost effective where labour is inexpensive. Coconut wastes are used to attract the shrimp before the net is cast from boats (Suseelan, 1975).
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