Blood Vessel-Structure and Function. Artery, Vein and capillary in Hindi | Bhushan Science

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There are three main types: arteries, veins and capillaries.

Arteries
Carry blood away from heart
Arterioles
Are smallest branches of arteries
Capillaries
Are smallest blood vessels
Location of exchange between blood and interstitial fluid
Venules
Collect blood from capillaries
Veins
Return blood to heart
The Structure of Vessel Walls
Walls have three layers
Tunica intima
Tunica media
Tunica externa

Tunica interna (tunica intima)
Endothelial layer that lines the lumen of all vessels
In vessels larger than 1 mm, a subendothelial connective tissue basement membrane is present
Tunica media
Smooth muscle and elastic fiber layer, regulated by sympathetic nervous system
Controls vasoconstriction/vasodilation of vessels
Tunica externa (tunica adventitia)
Collagen fibers that protect and reinforce vessels
Larger vessels contain vasa vasorum

Arteries and arterioles have thicker walls than veins and venules because they are closer to the heart and receive blood that is surging at a far greater pressure

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