🧬 Cell Cycle Made EASY! | Interphase (G₁, S & G₂) Explained | Biology Basics | Part 1

In today's lecture, we learned the basic concepts of Cell Cycle and Cell Division, one of the most important chapters in Biology.

📚 In this lecture, we learned:
🟢 What is a Cell?
Cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life.
Every living organism is made up of one or more cells.
Cells perform essential life processes such as growth, respiration, repair, reproduction, and maintenance of life.
🟢 Why do Cells Divide?
Growth of the organism
Repair of damaged tissues
Replacement of old and worn-out cells
Reproduction
🟢 What is the Cell Cycle?
The Cell Cycle is the sequence of events from the formation of a cell until it divides into two daughter cells.
It consists of two major phases:
Interphase
Division Phase
Nearly 90% of the cell's life is spent in Interphase.
🟢 Interphase

During Interphase, the cell prepares itself for division by:

Synthesising proteins
Replicating DNA
Forming daughter chromatids from DNA and histones

Interphase consists of:

G₁ Phase
S Phase
G₂ Phase
🟢 G₁ Phase (Growth Phase I)

In this phase, we learned that:

The cell actively grows in size.
RNA and proteins are synthesised.
Cell organelles increase in number.
DNA content remains unchanged.
It is the longest and most variable phase of the Cell Cycle.
Cells that stop dividing enter the G₀ Phase.
🟢 G₀ Phase
Cells remain metabolically active.
They perform their normal functions but do not divide.
Some cells can re-enter the Cell Cycle, while others remain permanently in the G₀ Phase.
🟢 S Phase (Synthesis Phase)

During this phase:

DNA replication takes place.
Histone proteins are synthesised.
Histones help package DNA by acting like tiny spools around which DNA wraps.
Each chromosome forms two identical sister chromatids joined by a centromere.
DNA content doubles.
Chromosome number remains unchanged.
🟢 G₂ Phase (Growth Phase II)

During this phase:

The cell accumulates proteins, RNA and other materials.
The cell prepares itself for division.
🟢 Division Phase

The Division Phase consists of:

Karyokinesis – Division of the nucleus.
Cytokinesis – Division of the cytoplasm.
🎥 In the next lecture, we will learn Mitosis (Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase and Telophase) with easy diagrams and tricks.

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See the following shorts for more understanding-
https://youtube.com/shorts/1JOSmiTt4SI

Видео 🧬 Cell Cycle Made EASY! | Interphase (G₁, S & G₂) Explained | Biology Basics | Part 1 канала TheSciencePrism