The Well Tempered Clavier 1/12 | PIANO SOLO | Johann Sebastian Back | WTK I 1-12

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00:00:00 Das wohltemperierte Klavier I BWV 846
00:04:04 Das wohltemperierte Klavier I BWV 847
00:07:33 Das wohltemperierte Klavier I BWV 848
00:12:15 Das wohltemperierte Klavier I BWV 849
00:23:54 Das wohltemperierte Klavier I BWV 850
00:27:18 Das wohltemperierte Klavier I BWV 851
00:31:30 Das wohltemperierte Klavier I BWV 852
00:41:48 Das wohltemperierte Klavier I BWV 853
00:53:29 Das wohltemperierte Klavier I BWV 854
00:57:47 Das wohltemperierte Klavier I BWV 855
01:02:30 Das wohltemperierte Klavier I BWV 856
01:07:03 Das wohltemperierte Klavier I BWV 857

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The Well-Tempered Clavier, BWV 846–893, is a collection of two sets of preludes and fugues in all 24 major and minor keys, composed for solo keyboard by Johann Sebastian Bach. In Bach's time Clavier (keyboard) was a generic name indicating a variety of keyboard instruments, most typically a harpsichord or clavichord – but not excluding an organ. The modern German spelling for the collection is Das wohltemperierte Klavier. Bach gave the title Das Wohltemperirte Clavier to a book of preludes and fugues in all 24 major and minor keys, dated 1722, composed "for the profit and use of musical youth desirous of learning, and especially for the pastime of those already skilled in this study". Some 20 years later Bach compiled a second book of the same kind, which became known as The Well-Tempered Clavier, Part Two. Each set contains twenty-four pairs of prelude and fugue. The first pair is in C major, the second in C minor, the third in C♯ major, the fourth in C♯ minor, and so on. The rising chromatic pattern continues until every key has been represented, finishing with a B minor fugue. The first set was compiled in 1722 during Bach's appointment in Köthen; the second followed 20 years later in 1742 while he was in Leipzig. Bach recycled some of the preludes and fugues from earlier sources: the 1720 Klavierbüchlein für Wilhelm Friedemann Bach, for instance, contains versions of eleven of the preludes of the first book of the Well-Tempered Clavier. The C♯ major prelude and fugue in book one was originally in C major – Bach added a key signature of seven sharps and adjusted some accidentals to convert it to the required key. In Bach's own time just one similar collection was published, by Johann Christian Schickhardt (1681–1762), whose Op. 30 L'alphabet de la musique, contained 24 sonatas in all keys for flute or violin and basso continuo, and included a transposition scheme for alto recorder.

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