Panzano in Chianti (drone), Greve in Chianti, Florence, Tuscany, Italy, Europe

Panzano in Chianti is a fraction of the municipality of Greve in Chianti, in the province of Florence. The Panzano area was already inhabited in Etruscan times as evidenced by the discovery of a stele dating back to the VI - V century BC. at the parish church of San Leolino, stele then dispersed. Even in Roman times the area was densely inhabited, from that period there are numerous traces in the toponyms including Panzano himself. At the beginning of the 10th century the parish church of San Leolino in Flacciano was mentioned, which later became Panzano. In the twelfth century there is the first testimony of the name Panzano which is mentioned in the plebs Sancti Leolini sitam in Panzano while in the tenths of the thirteenth century the church of Santa Maria located in the castle is also mentioned. The castle of Panzano certainly had already developed before the XII century and was among the possessions of the Firidolfi family. Of the historical events of the castle not many traces remain. In the mid-thirteenth century when the Florentine countryside was organized in Panzano leagues it was included in the Lega della Val di Greve. After the Battle of Montaperti in 1260 the castle was sacked and two towers were destroyed by the victorious Ghibelline troops. During the war that opposed Florence with the Visconti of Milan Panzano, in 1397, was occupied and sacked again by Alberico da Barbiano's troops. In 1478, the Sienese troops and their allies, the troops of the King of Naples Ferdinand II of Aragon invaded Chianti for the second time. On that occasion the castle of Panzano was one of the most important bulwarks in defense of the republic of Florence so as to become the seat of the Commissioner of the Republic. After the fall of the Republic of Siena in 1555, Panzano will no longer be involved in warfare until 1944. The castle is the highest and oldest part of Panzano. Most of the walls that surrounded the hill are still preserved; on two sides, however, they have been decreased in height while in the south-east part they are completely missing. Corner towers have also been preserved, one of which has been reused as the bell tower of the church of Santa Maria while another still preserves the protruding apparatus. The internal structure of the castle is simple; from the only access door, which perhaps originally had an antiport, through a single road you get to a small square which overlooks the formwork. The formwork consists of a high tower that rises higher than all the other buildings. Inside the castle there are other interesting buildings including the one next to the access door which has a clear medieval character. All the buildings of the castle due to the accuracy of the walls and the shape of the archivolts date back to the XII century the structures of the castle of Panzano. Built and always belonged to the Firidolfi family or by Panzano (who, according to some authors, who moved to Florence gave their name to the current Via Panzani), in the mid-nineteenth century it passed in part by succession and in part by repurchase from the Counts Mancini to the Buoninsegni family (later Tadini Buoninsegni) to which he belonged until the second half of the 20th century. Just outside the castle was the ancient church dedicated to Santa Maria which at the end of the 19th century was replaced by the current one.

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