Important Electrotherapy MCQs
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FOR DETAILED EXPLANATION: https://t.me/ymcq_explain/661
0:00 INTRODUCTION
0:10 1.Microcurrents (≤1 mA) mimic endogenous bioelectric currents, promoting ATP synthesis and tissue repair.
0:29 2. High-frequency TENS (80-150 Hz) activates Aβ fibers, inhibiting pain transmission via the spinal gate mechanism.
0:50 3. IFC uses two medium-frequency currents intersecting to create an amplitude-modulated interference wave, enabling deeper tissue penetration.
1:14 4. The Strength-Duration (S-D) curve is a valuable electrodiagnostic tool. It can both qualitatively distinguish between innervated and denervated muscles and quantitatively assess the degree of innervation by providing measurable parameters like rheobase and chronaxie.
1:45 5. Rheobase is the fundamental excitability threshold. It is defined as the minimum current intensity (amplitude) required to produce a minimal visible muscle contraction when using an electrical pulse of very long (effectively infinite) duration.
2:09 6. Russian current uses a carrier frequency of 2,500 Hz, burst-modulated at 50 Hz to induce tetanic muscle contractions.
2:38 7. The Strength-Duration (S-D) curve plots the strength (intensity/amplitude) of an electrical stimulus against its duration (time) needed to elicit a response.
2:56 8. The primary clinical utility of the Strength-Duration (S-D) curve is to evaluate the innervation status of a muscle. Its shape and parameters reveal whether a muscle is normally innervated, partially denervated, or completely denervated, aiding in diagnosing and monitoring peripheral nerve injuries.
3:13 9. A "kink" or distinct break in the Strength-Duration (S-D) curve indicates that the muscle being tested contains a mixture of both innervated (healthy) and denervated (nerve-damaged) muscle fibers. This scenario arises in cases of partial innervation or partial denervation.
3:30 10. Positive sharp waves (PSWs) are abnormal spontaneous electrical potentials observed during electromyography (EMG). Their presence is a hallmark sign of denervation, indicating ongoing muscle fiber irritability due to the loss of nerve supply, typically appearing a few weeks after injury.
3:46 11. Cryotherapy leads to vasoconstriction, a direct decrease in local tissue temperature, and a subsequent reduction in cellular metabolic rate within the cooled tissues.
4:02 12. A rightward shift indicates longer chronaxie and higher rheobase, seen in fully denervated muscles.
4:20 13. Cold application generally leads to an increase in smooth muscle contraction, particularly evident in the walls of blood vessels. This sustained contraction is responsible for the vasoconstriction observed during cryotherapy.
4:40 14. While cryotherapy aims to reduce pain, excessive cooling can paradoxically induce discomfort. Skin temperatures that drop below approximately 10 degree can stimulate cold-sensitive nociceptors (pain receptors), leading to sensations of intense cold or pain.
4:56 15. Low-frequency currents (TENS/IFC) may interfere with pacemaker function. Microwaves and shortwave diathermy are absolute contraindications.
5:19 16. The rate and extent of tissue cooling during cryotherapy are primarily governed by Newton's Law of Cooling. This law states that the rate of heat transfer between two objects is directly proportional to the temperature difference between them.
5:38 17. Cryotherapy utilizes two primary modes of heat transfer: conduction and evaporation.
5:53 18. Monophasic pulsed current creates a net ion movement, enhancing lymphatic drainage and reducing edema.
6:13 19. Therapeutic lasers are applied using two common types of applicators: point probes and cluster probes.
6:28 20. Galvanic (direct) current drives ionized drug molecules through the skin during iontophoresis.
6:45 21. While Albert Einstein theorized stimulated emission and Theodore Maiman built the first working laser, it was Gordon Gould who first coined the acronym "LASER" in his 1957 notebook.
7:03 22. Lasers possess unique properties, including coherence. Spatial coherence means the light waves are in phase across the beam's cross-section, allowing for a highly directional, non-diverging beam.
7:18 23. Therapeutic LASER is versatile and can be effectively applied to various target areas. These include the primary site of pain, specific tender spots identified through palpation, or identified trigger points that refer pain elsewhere.
7:35 24. The term "diathermy," which means "heating through" tissues by electrical means, was coined by the German physician and researcher Karl Franz Nagelschmidt in the early 20th century.
7:53 25. Accommodation occurs when nerves adapt to a constant stimulus, requiring increased intensity to maintain depolarization.
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Видео Important Electrotherapy MCQs канала Y MCQ by Yshak
FOR DETAILED EXPLANATION: https://t.me/ymcq_explain/661
0:00 INTRODUCTION
0:10 1.Microcurrents (≤1 mA) mimic endogenous bioelectric currents, promoting ATP synthesis and tissue repair.
0:29 2. High-frequency TENS (80-150 Hz) activates Aβ fibers, inhibiting pain transmission via the spinal gate mechanism.
0:50 3. IFC uses two medium-frequency currents intersecting to create an amplitude-modulated interference wave, enabling deeper tissue penetration.
1:14 4. The Strength-Duration (S-D) curve is a valuable electrodiagnostic tool. It can both qualitatively distinguish between innervated and denervated muscles and quantitatively assess the degree of innervation by providing measurable parameters like rheobase and chronaxie.
1:45 5. Rheobase is the fundamental excitability threshold. It is defined as the minimum current intensity (amplitude) required to produce a minimal visible muscle contraction when using an electrical pulse of very long (effectively infinite) duration.
2:09 6. Russian current uses a carrier frequency of 2,500 Hz, burst-modulated at 50 Hz to induce tetanic muscle contractions.
2:38 7. The Strength-Duration (S-D) curve plots the strength (intensity/amplitude) of an electrical stimulus against its duration (time) needed to elicit a response.
2:56 8. The primary clinical utility of the Strength-Duration (S-D) curve is to evaluate the innervation status of a muscle. Its shape and parameters reveal whether a muscle is normally innervated, partially denervated, or completely denervated, aiding in diagnosing and monitoring peripheral nerve injuries.
3:13 9. A "kink" or distinct break in the Strength-Duration (S-D) curve indicates that the muscle being tested contains a mixture of both innervated (healthy) and denervated (nerve-damaged) muscle fibers. This scenario arises in cases of partial innervation or partial denervation.
3:30 10. Positive sharp waves (PSWs) are abnormal spontaneous electrical potentials observed during electromyography (EMG). Their presence is a hallmark sign of denervation, indicating ongoing muscle fiber irritability due to the loss of nerve supply, typically appearing a few weeks after injury.
3:46 11. Cryotherapy leads to vasoconstriction, a direct decrease in local tissue temperature, and a subsequent reduction in cellular metabolic rate within the cooled tissues.
4:02 12. A rightward shift indicates longer chronaxie and higher rheobase, seen in fully denervated muscles.
4:20 13. Cold application generally leads to an increase in smooth muscle contraction, particularly evident in the walls of blood vessels. This sustained contraction is responsible for the vasoconstriction observed during cryotherapy.
4:40 14. While cryotherapy aims to reduce pain, excessive cooling can paradoxically induce discomfort. Skin temperatures that drop below approximately 10 degree can stimulate cold-sensitive nociceptors (pain receptors), leading to sensations of intense cold or pain.
4:56 15. Low-frequency currents (TENS/IFC) may interfere with pacemaker function. Microwaves and shortwave diathermy are absolute contraindications.
5:19 16. The rate and extent of tissue cooling during cryotherapy are primarily governed by Newton's Law of Cooling. This law states that the rate of heat transfer between two objects is directly proportional to the temperature difference between them.
5:38 17. Cryotherapy utilizes two primary modes of heat transfer: conduction and evaporation.
5:53 18. Monophasic pulsed current creates a net ion movement, enhancing lymphatic drainage and reducing edema.
6:13 19. Therapeutic lasers are applied using two common types of applicators: point probes and cluster probes.
6:28 20. Galvanic (direct) current drives ionized drug molecules through the skin during iontophoresis.
6:45 21. While Albert Einstein theorized stimulated emission and Theodore Maiman built the first working laser, it was Gordon Gould who first coined the acronym "LASER" in his 1957 notebook.
7:03 22. Lasers possess unique properties, including coherence. Spatial coherence means the light waves are in phase across the beam's cross-section, allowing for a highly directional, non-diverging beam.
7:18 23. Therapeutic LASER is versatile and can be effectively applied to various target areas. These include the primary site of pain, specific tender spots identified through palpation, or identified trigger points that refer pain elsewhere.
7:35 24. The term "diathermy," which means "heating through" tissues by electrical means, was coined by the German physician and researcher Karl Franz Nagelschmidt in the early 20th century.
7:53 25. Accommodation occurs when nerves adapt to a constant stimulus, requiring increased intensity to maintain depolarization.
Telegram: https://t.me/YmcqByYshak
Check out our channel here:
https://www.youtube.com/c/YMCQbyYshak
Don’t forget to subscribe!
Видео Important Electrotherapy MCQs канала Y MCQ by Yshak
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2 июня 2025 г. 8:00:06
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