Sulfonamide Pharmacology| Classification Learn By Tricks | Mechanism of Action| Spectrum- part 1

Sulfonamide is a functional group (a part of a molecule) that is the basis of several groups of drugs, which are called sulphonamides, sulfa drugs or sulpha drugs. The original antibacterial sulfonamides are synthetic (nonantibiotic) antimicrobial agents that contain the sulfonamide group. Some sulfonamides are also devoid of antibacterial activity, e.g., the anticonvulsant sultiame. The sulfonylureas and thiazide diuretics are newer drug groups based upon the antibacterial sulfonamides
Classification
Short-acting
Sulfadiazine
Sulfacetamide
Sulfadimidine
Sulfafurazole (sulfisoxazole)
Sulfisomidine (sulfaisodimidine)
Intermediate-acting
Sulfamethoxazole
Sulfamoxole
Sulfanitran
Ultra long-acting
Sulfadoxine
Sulfametopyrazine

Notes on Sulponamides
https://gpatindia.com/sulfonamide-pharmacology-classification-mechanism-of-action-adverse-drug-reactions-spectrum-on-bacteria-and-mcq-for-neetpg-gpat/

Mechanism of Action
Sulfonamides interfere with folic acid synthesis by preventing addition of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) into the folic acid molecule through competing for the enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase.
Spectrum of activity:
Broad-spectrum; affects Gram-positive and many Gram-negative bacteria, toxoplasma and protozoal agents
Effect on bacteria: Bacteriostatic
Important Note:

Act synergistically (and becomes bactericidal) in combination with diaminopyrimidines (trimethoprim)

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