Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) | Clinical Medicine

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Ninja Nerds!
Professor Zach Murphy will be presenting on Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs).

Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) are a set of non-invasive diagnostic tests used to evaluate lung function. These tests measure multiple aspects of respiratory physiology, such as lung volume, flow rates, and gas exchange, providing valuable data for diagnosing, managing, and monitoring various respiratory diseases, including obstructive and restrictive lung diseases.

What Tests Do PFTs Include?
1. Spirometry: This is the most common PFT and measures the amount and speed of air that can be inhaled and exhaled. Spirometry tests often include Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1).

2. Lung Volumes: Using techniques like body plethysmography, these tests measure various components of lung volumes like the Total Lung Capacity (TLC), Residual Volume (RV), and Functional Residual Capacity (FRC).

3. Diffusion Capacity of the Lung for Carbon Monoxide (DLCO): This test measures how efficiently gas is transferred from the lungs into the blood.

4. Bronchial Challenge Test: Also known as bronchoprovocation, this test assesses airway hyperresponsiveness, often using agents like methacholine or histamine.

5. Arterial Blood Gases (ABG): While not strictly a PFT, ABGs can complement the data by providing information on blood pH, CO2, and O2 levels, which are indicators of gas exchange efficiency.

In summary, PFTs provide a comprehensive evaluation of lung function that is essential for the diagnosis, management, and monitoring of both restrictive and obstructive lung diseases. Their importance in obstructive lung conditions lies in initial diagnosis, ongoing management, and prognostic assessment, making them an indispensable tool in modern respiratory medicine.

Table of Contents:
0:00 Lab
0:07 Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) Introduction
0:43 Lung Volumes (Plethysmography)
7:54 Forced Spirometry
12:10 Bronchodilator / Bronchoconstriction Tests
14:49 DLCO Testing
17:35 Diagnostic Approach
19:54 Comment, Like, SUBSCRIBE!

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