Italian Wars 1/10 - The 15th Century - Prelude
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The 15th century was a turbulent time. The Hundred Years War had just ended and Constantinople fell to the Ottomans when a new conflict that would dominate European politics for centuries just started brewing. This was the rivalry between the Valois kings of France and the Habsburgs who ruled the Holy Roman Empire. The cause of the conflict was the Burgundian inheritance. When Charles the Bold, duke of Burgundy died without a male heir, Charles VIII, king of France contested Maximilian I, heir to the Holy Roman Empire for the vast Burgundian inheritance. The conflict inevitably moved to Italy, where Spain unified under Ferdinand and Isabella joined the conflict on the Habsburg side.
The Italian Wars was a series of conflicts that raged between 1494 and 1559 between the two major European powers, the Habsburgs who ruled the Holy Roman Empire and later Spain, and the Valois kings of France. At the height of the conflict the war involved Tudor England, the Ottoman Empire, Hungary, and all of Italy either as passive or active participants.
In terms of military tactics and strategy the Italian Wars saw the greatest innovations since the Roman Empire. Artillery finally came of age during the war prompting radical changes in terms of fortifications and battlefield tactics. Swiss pikemen, Landsknechts, and Spanish musketeers were amalgamated into a new type of standardized European infantry, the pike and shot formation. Cavalry although diminished in numbers, retained its place on the battlefield, being differentiated into heavy cavalry (men at arms), light cavalry and dragoons. In terms of strategy frontal medieval charges were replaced by careful maneuvering, the use of natural or man-made obstacles, and a keen attention to logistics. Commanders no longer fought in the front lines, but rather became managers of their armies. Politically the war shaped and reshaped the destinies of European countries for centuries to come.
Bibliography:
Mallett, M (2012). The Italian Wars 1494-1559 War, State and Society in Early Modern Europe
https://amzn.to/3fl8Feq
Potter, D (2008). Renaissance France at War
https://amzn.to/2QYxnrE
Taylor, F L (1921). The Art of War in Italy 1494-1529
https://amzn.to/3fLxvTz
Turnbull, S (2006). The Art of Renaissance Warfare
https://amzn.to/3yIWmQu
Arnold, T (2001). The Renaissance at War
https://amzn.to/3bYQXLs
Hall, B S (1997). Weapons and Warfare in Renaissance Europe
https://amzn.to/3bShIkM
Koenigsberg, H G (1968). Europe in the Sixteenth Century
https://amzn.to/2RFmw6n
Guicciardini, F (1561). The History of Italy
https://amzn.to/3vkhryN
Gamberini, A (2012). The Italian Renaissance State
https://amzn.to/3hUCJPC
Martines, L (1968). Political Conflict in the Italian City States
Nicolle, D (1996). Fornovo 1495
https://amzn.to/3fMLY1D
Konstam, A (1996). Pavia 1525
https://amzn.to/3vqqUVm
Parker, G (2019). Emperor A New Life of Charles V
https://amzn.to/34kIY7p
Mallet, M (1974). Mercenaries and Their Masters
https://amzn.to/2StnOBs
Janin, H (2013). Mercenaries in Medieval and Renaissance Europe
https://amzn.to/3bXza7r
Brewer, P (1998). Warfare in the Renaissance world
https://amzn.to/3yHIOET
Murphy, D (2007). Condottiere 1300-1500
https://amzn.to/3fQ5Uk3
Lopez, I (2012). The Spanish Tercios 1536–1704
https://amzn.to/3wvzXUU
Miller, D (1976). The Landsknechts
https://amzn.to/3hVrYN9
Miler, D (1979). The Swiss at War 1300-1500
https://amzn.to/3yIR6MM
Richards, J (2002). Landsknecht Soldier 1486-1560
https://amzn.to/3g355Vx
Pohl, J (2015). Armies of Castile and Aragon 1370–1516
https://amzn.to/2TnrtRF
Held, R (1978). The Age of Firearms: A Pictorial History
https://amzn.to/3fNZe6b
0:00 Welcome to the Renaissance
3:31 Burgundian Wars
5:34 Maximilian and Mary the Rich
6:52 Treaty of Senlis
8:27 Philip the Handsome and Joanna of Castile
#ItalianWars #EuropeanHistory #History
Видео Italian Wars 1/10 - The 15th Century - Prelude канала Pike & Shot Channel
https://twitter.com/pikeandshotbat1
https://www.reddit.com/r/PikeAndShotBattles/
https://www.facebook.com/pikeandshotbattles.documentaries.7
The 15th century was a turbulent time. The Hundred Years War had just ended and Constantinople fell to the Ottomans when a new conflict that would dominate European politics for centuries just started brewing. This was the rivalry between the Valois kings of France and the Habsburgs who ruled the Holy Roman Empire. The cause of the conflict was the Burgundian inheritance. When Charles the Bold, duke of Burgundy died without a male heir, Charles VIII, king of France contested Maximilian I, heir to the Holy Roman Empire for the vast Burgundian inheritance. The conflict inevitably moved to Italy, where Spain unified under Ferdinand and Isabella joined the conflict on the Habsburg side.
The Italian Wars was a series of conflicts that raged between 1494 and 1559 between the two major European powers, the Habsburgs who ruled the Holy Roman Empire and later Spain, and the Valois kings of France. At the height of the conflict the war involved Tudor England, the Ottoman Empire, Hungary, and all of Italy either as passive or active participants.
In terms of military tactics and strategy the Italian Wars saw the greatest innovations since the Roman Empire. Artillery finally came of age during the war prompting radical changes in terms of fortifications and battlefield tactics. Swiss pikemen, Landsknechts, and Spanish musketeers were amalgamated into a new type of standardized European infantry, the pike and shot formation. Cavalry although diminished in numbers, retained its place on the battlefield, being differentiated into heavy cavalry (men at arms), light cavalry and dragoons. In terms of strategy frontal medieval charges were replaced by careful maneuvering, the use of natural or man-made obstacles, and a keen attention to logistics. Commanders no longer fought in the front lines, but rather became managers of their armies. Politically the war shaped and reshaped the destinies of European countries for centuries to come.
Bibliography:
Mallett, M (2012). The Italian Wars 1494-1559 War, State and Society in Early Modern Europe
https://amzn.to/3fl8Feq
Potter, D (2008). Renaissance France at War
https://amzn.to/2QYxnrE
Taylor, F L (1921). The Art of War in Italy 1494-1529
https://amzn.to/3fLxvTz
Turnbull, S (2006). The Art of Renaissance Warfare
https://amzn.to/3yIWmQu
Arnold, T (2001). The Renaissance at War
https://amzn.to/3bYQXLs
Hall, B S (1997). Weapons and Warfare in Renaissance Europe
https://amzn.to/3bShIkM
Koenigsberg, H G (1968). Europe in the Sixteenth Century
https://amzn.to/2RFmw6n
Guicciardini, F (1561). The History of Italy
https://amzn.to/3vkhryN
Gamberini, A (2012). The Italian Renaissance State
https://amzn.to/3hUCJPC
Martines, L (1968). Political Conflict in the Italian City States
Nicolle, D (1996). Fornovo 1495
https://amzn.to/3fMLY1D
Konstam, A (1996). Pavia 1525
https://amzn.to/3vqqUVm
Parker, G (2019). Emperor A New Life of Charles V
https://amzn.to/34kIY7p
Mallet, M (1974). Mercenaries and Their Masters
https://amzn.to/2StnOBs
Janin, H (2013). Mercenaries in Medieval and Renaissance Europe
https://amzn.to/3bXza7r
Brewer, P (1998). Warfare in the Renaissance world
https://amzn.to/3yHIOET
Murphy, D (2007). Condottiere 1300-1500
https://amzn.to/3fQ5Uk3
Lopez, I (2012). The Spanish Tercios 1536–1704
https://amzn.to/3wvzXUU
Miller, D (1976). The Landsknechts
https://amzn.to/3hVrYN9
Miler, D (1979). The Swiss at War 1300-1500
https://amzn.to/3yIR6MM
Richards, J (2002). Landsknecht Soldier 1486-1560
https://amzn.to/3g355Vx
Pohl, J (2015). Armies of Castile and Aragon 1370–1516
https://amzn.to/2TnrtRF
Held, R (1978). The Age of Firearms: A Pictorial History
https://amzn.to/3fNZe6b
0:00 Welcome to the Renaissance
3:31 Burgundian Wars
5:34 Maximilian and Mary the Rich
6:52 Treaty of Senlis
8:27 Philip the Handsome and Joanna of Castile
#ItalianWars #EuropeanHistory #History
Видео Italian Wars 1/10 - The 15th Century - Prelude канала Pike & Shot Channel
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