Silicon wafer recovery from end-of-life solar panels

A pyrolysis furnace designed for solar panel dismantling and separation can efficiently recover intact silicon wafers through a precisely controlled high-temperature pyrolysis process. The equipment features a continuous mesh belt conveyor system, where end-of-life PV panels sequentially pass through three functional zones: preheating, high-temperature decomposition, and cooling. In the core decomposition zone, the temperature can be adjusted up to 600 °C under low‑oxygen or oxygen‑assisted conditions, causing the EVA encapsulation film and other organic materials to pyrolyze, carbonize, and lose their adhesive properties.

As a result, the originally tightly bonded glass, silicon wafers, and metal conductors become automatically loosened and separated. After forced cooling in the cooling zone, a loose mixture containing intact silicon wafers, glass, and metals is obtained, which can then be further purified by physical separation methods.

This pyrolysis furnace offers key advantages such as high processing capacity, complete separation of silicon wafers, environmental compliance, and excellent high‑temperature corrosion resistance, making it the core equipment for industrial‑scale recycling of retired solar panels and for high‑value reuse of silicon materials.
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