How to measure conductivity of ionic solutions | #electrochemistry

12th CBSE

⚡ How to Measure the Conductivity of Ionic Solutions

The conductivity of an ionic solution refers to its ability to conduct electric current. It depends on the number of ions, their charge, and their mobility in the solution. To measure this experimentally, we use a device called a Conductivity Cell connected to a Wheatstone Bridge or Conductivity Meter.

🧪 Procedure (Step-by-Step):

Set up the Conductivity Cell — It consists of two platinum electrodes coated with platinum black, placed at a fixed distance apart.

Immerse the cell in the ionic solution whose conductivity is to be measured.

Connect the cell to an alternating current (AC) source through a Wheatstone bridge or a digital conductivity meter to avoid electrode polarization.

Measure the cell resistance (R) using the meter.

Determine the cell constant (K) using a standard solution such as KCl (whose conductivity is known).
where C is the concentration of the solution in mol/L.

📈 Factors Affecting Conductivity

Concentration: Conductivity decreases as the solution becomes more dilute.

Temperature: Conductivity increases with temperature.

Nature of Electrolyte: Strong electrolytes conduct better than weak ones.

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