Electrostatics | Chapter 1| Lecture 1 | Class 12 Physics | IIT JEE Preparation | Free Education

Electrostatics | Chapter 1| Lecture 1 | Class 12 Physics | IIT JEE Preparation | Free Education
Dear Students, in this video we are going to study a very important topic History of the unit of length of chapter 1 Unit and Measurement from Class 12 Physics. Hope you find it helpful & interesting. Enjoy Learning!

This Video is applicable for all students who are study in CBSE, ICSE and doing preparation for IIT.

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Here's the breakdown
Introduction to Electrostatics:

Electrostatics studies the behavior of charge when it is at rest.

The opposite field, electrodynamics, deals with charge in motion.

Types of Charges:

There are two types of charges: positive and negative.

Like charges repel each other, while opposite charges attract.

Basic Properties of Charge:

Charges are carried by electrons and protons.
Coulombs for both electrons and protons.

Charge is conserved, meaning it cannot be created or destroyed.

A body is said to be neutral when the positive and negative charges are equal.

Charging of Bodies:

To charge a body negatively, electrons are added.

To charge a body positively, electrons are removed.

The transfer of charge happens through electrons since protons are immobile in most situations.

Conductors vs. Insulators:

Conductors allow the free movement of electrons, while insulators prevent electron movement.

In conductors, electrons are not tightly bound to atoms, making them free to move, whereas in insulators, electrons are tightly bound and cannot move freely.

Charging Methods:

By Contact: A charged object is brought into contact with a neutral conductor, allowing charge to transfer between them.

By Induction: A charged object is brought near a neutral conductor without touching it, causing redistribution of charges in the conductor and creating an opposite charge on the far side.
Force Between Multiple Charges:

The principle that the net force on a charge is the vector sum of the forces exerted on it by all other charges is illustrated. For example, in a scenario with three point charges arranged at the vertices of a triangle, the forces from each charge on one another are calculated using Coulomb’s Law, and the net force is obtained by vector addition.

Electrostatic Force and Symmetry:

The explanation also touches on a case where two similarly charged balls are repelling each other and forming angles with the vertical. In different scenarios, the angles formed (denoted as α and β) can be determined, and whether they are the same or different depends on the symmetry of the problem (e.g., if masses or charges are equal).

Equilibrium in Systems of Charges:

The concept of equilibrium is discussed in terms of charges fixed at certain positions, where the net force acting on a charge is zero. The stability of such equilibrium points (whether they are stable or unstable) is evaluated. For instance, in certain cases, if a charge is displaced, it will return to its original position (stable), while in others, it will move further away (unstable).

Vector Form of Coulomb’s Law:

Coulomb's Law is then expressed in vector form, showing how the direction and magnitude of forces are calculated. This includes defining position vectors and unit vectors to determine the direction of the force.
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