Acid-Base reactions (makes water, and... salt?)

0:00 Acid-Base reactions are also known as neutralization reactions. They are an example of Double-Displacement reactions. Acid = H+ proton source, Base = OH- hydroxide source.
0:34 Acid + Base = H2O(l) [liquid water] + an ionic compound. The ionic compound could be aqueous (soluble and dissolved) or a precipitate (insoluble solid). Acid-base reactions GET WARM! (release of heat = exothermic).
1:26 Products = Step #1 for writing a chemical equation. (charge balance). Do this FIRST.
1:34 Balance the equation = Step #2 for writing a chemical equation. (mass balance). Yes, Change only Coefficients. No, do NOT change subscripts since they become off-limits after determining products.
2:30 Example #1: hydrochloric acid + aqueous sodium chloride gives water +. table salt. HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) == HOH(l) + NaCl(aq). Yes, we just made salt water!
5:30 Wakeup call about needing to know charges and building compounds before writing and balancing equations. In my opinion, naming practice (changing between formulas and names) is the best way to gain this skill.
7:54 Example #1, continued: hydrochloric acid + aqueous sodium chloride. HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) == HOH(l) + NaCl(aq).
8:38 I write HOH instead of H2O when doing acid-base reactions. This is to make sure I recognize that one hydrogen comes from the acid, and the other comes from the base (from the hydroxide).
10:42 I use red boxes for H+ and blue circles for OH-.
12:56 Example #2: phosphoric acid + aqueous calcium hydroxide gives water and calcium phosphate. 2 H3PO4(aq) + 3 Ca(OH)2(aq) == 6 HOH(l) + Ca3(PO4)2(s). This is probably the upper limit of difficulty in double-displacement reactions in CHEM 101, so feel proud of yourself once you understand this one. Review solubility rules, such as in my precipitation video, for knowing why calcium phosphate is insoluble in water.

I use Ptable.com for my Periodic Table. https://ptable.com

This video is for anyone, but especially geared towards a CHEM 101 Introduction to Chemistry audience. Thanks and enjoy!

Видео Acid-Base reactions (makes water, and... salt?) канала Josh de Groot