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How should substation equipment be grounded

Q No 1: How should substation equipment be grounded?
High-voltage substations greater1000V require a ground grid per IEEE 80 standards.
All equipment within the substation, yard, and 5m of the fence must be connected to the grid or a grounded bus.
Ground grids use at least 70 mm² stranded bare copper cable.
Q No 2: What is the size of substation ground grids cable?
The minimum size for substation ground grids cable is 70 mm² (2/0 AWG) stranded bare copper cable.
Q No 3: Can building rebar be used as a grounding electrode?
No, not directly. However, the building's structural steel can be used if it's continuous and properly grounded.
Q No 4: If a concrete-encased electrode is used, what conductor material is required? Bare copper.
Q No 5: How much the buried depth required for grounding conductor used to interconnect rod or pipe electrode?
The minimum buried depth required for grounding conductors used to interconnect rod or pipe electrodes, according to SAES-P-111, is 460 mm

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