Anatomy of the Digestive System: Structure, Organs, Functions and Pathway of Digestion

The digestive system is a complex group of organs responsible for the ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination of food. It begins at the mouth, where food is mechanically broken down by teeth and chemically digested by saliva. The pharynx and esophagus transport food to the stomach, where gastric juices further digest proteins. The small intestine, consisting of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, plays a major role in digestion and nutrient absorption with the help of bile from the liver and enzymes from the pancreas. The large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes, forming feces, which are stored in the rectum and expelled through the anus. This coordinated pathway ensures proper nutrition, energy supply, and maintenance of overall body health.

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