Brood parasitism: How to build a strong parasitic eggshell?
PhD thesis (PDF document) is available in:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Analia-Lopez-4 & https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/PhD_Thesis/16864381/2
How to build a puncture- and breakage-resistant eggshell? Mechanical and structural analyses of avian brood parasites and their hosts.
López et al.(2021) J. Exp. Biol.
https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.243016
https://journals.biologists.com/jeb/article-abstract/224/17/jeb243016/272027/How-to-build-a-puncture-and-breakage-resistant?redirectedFrom=fulltext
Report (Highlighted Article in "Inside JEB" section) :
https://journals.biologists.com/jeb/article/224/17/jeb243316/272025/Imposter-eggs-of-pecking-cowbirds-have-stronger
2021 JEB Outstanding Paper Prize shortlist
https://journals.biologists.com/jeb/article/225/2/jeb243996/274150
Evolved eggshell strength is greater in several lineages of obligate avian brood parasites (birds that lay their eggs in other species’ nests) compared to their hosts. Greater strength is typically indirectly implied by eggshell thickness comparisons between parasites and hosts. Nevertheless, there is strong evidence that the eggshell structural organization differentially influences its mechanical properties. Using instrumental puncture tests and SEM/EBSD and XRD techniques, we studied the most relevant eggshell mechanical, textural, ultra- and microstructural features between several host species and their parasitic cowbirds (Molothrus spp.) that display different egg destructive behaviors reducing host reproductive fitness, and include the more frequently host-egg puncturer M. rufoaxillaris and M. bonariensis, and the host-egg remover M. ater. The results, analyzed using a phylogenetic comparative approach, showed interspecific patterns in the mechanical and structural features. The eggshells of the two egg-puncturer parasites (but not of M. ater) were stronger, stiffer, and required greater stress to produce its fracture than the respective hosts’ eggs. These features were affected by eggshell micro- and ultrastructures, related to the increased of the intercrystalline boundary network acting in cooperation with the increased of the palisade layers' thickness. Both of these structural traits generate more options and greater lengths of intercrystalline paths, increasing the energy consumed in crack or fissure propagation. The reported patterns of all these diverse eggshell features support a new set of interpretations, confirming several hypotheses regarding the impacts of both reproductive strategies (parasitic vs. parental) and parasitic egg destruction behaviors (more vs. less frequently puncturing).
Analía V. López
Raúl E. Bolmaro & Team (M. Ávalos, V. Tartalini, P. Risso)
Lía N. Gerschenson
Mark E. Hauber
I am very grateful to Gunther Keil, Geraldine Keil, Joan Ormondroyd (neighbors in New York State), Héctor R. López, Nora M. Rego, and Fabiana Graff (neighbors in Buenos Aires Province) for their hospitality during the fieldwork.
Video credits:
Min 0:05
@planettootoo334
https://youtu.be/9STr2aexecw
Min 0:11
@obbioadm
https://youtu.be/8k341GdYuJA
Min 0:16
Henrique Domingos (Brasil)
López et al. (2018). Thick eggshells of brood parasitic cowbirds protect their eggs and damage host eggs during laying. Behavioral Ecology.
Paper: https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/ary045
@AnaliaVLopez
https://youtu.be/vFpoBIgnOnc
Min 0:20
Gloag et al. (2014)
Min 0:24
@doggietreats2go
https://youtu.be/W5aQX_MRKkU
Min 0:28
@Alan Nelson
https://youtu.be/Az9Dn5IcIGE
Min 1:28
@Mickey Bagg
https://youtu.be/AX2vZ-WjSQc
Min 1:30
Gloag et al. (2014)
Min 1:32
@ Kelin Ashley
https://youtu.be/TcOZH2YUu7Y
Min 1:33
Gloag et al. (2014)
Min 1:34
Henrique Domingos (Brasil)
López et al. (2018). Thick eggshells of brood parasitic cowbirds protect their eggs and damage host eggs during laying. Behavioral Ecology.
Paper: https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/ary045
@Analía V. López
https://youtu.be/vFpoBIgnOnc
Min 1:36
@Mickey Bagg
https://youtu.be/uoU9XZGhvZQ
Min 1:38
@Tom Arma's Wildlife Channel
https://youtu.be/vbYvIL_l9N0
Min 1:43
@Nature in Motion
https://youtu.be/EXd6P29IlW8
#cowbird #Molothrus # Cuckoos #broodparasitism #eggs #parasitism
Видео Brood parasitism: How to build a strong parasitic eggshell? канала Analía V. López
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Analia-Lopez-4 & https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/PhD_Thesis/16864381/2
How to build a puncture- and breakage-resistant eggshell? Mechanical and structural analyses of avian brood parasites and their hosts.
López et al.(2021) J. Exp. Biol.
https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.243016
https://journals.biologists.com/jeb/article-abstract/224/17/jeb243016/272027/How-to-build-a-puncture-and-breakage-resistant?redirectedFrom=fulltext
Report (Highlighted Article in "Inside JEB" section) :
https://journals.biologists.com/jeb/article/224/17/jeb243316/272025/Imposter-eggs-of-pecking-cowbirds-have-stronger
2021 JEB Outstanding Paper Prize shortlist
https://journals.biologists.com/jeb/article/225/2/jeb243996/274150
Evolved eggshell strength is greater in several lineages of obligate avian brood parasites (birds that lay their eggs in other species’ nests) compared to their hosts. Greater strength is typically indirectly implied by eggshell thickness comparisons between parasites and hosts. Nevertheless, there is strong evidence that the eggshell structural organization differentially influences its mechanical properties. Using instrumental puncture tests and SEM/EBSD and XRD techniques, we studied the most relevant eggshell mechanical, textural, ultra- and microstructural features between several host species and their parasitic cowbirds (Molothrus spp.) that display different egg destructive behaviors reducing host reproductive fitness, and include the more frequently host-egg puncturer M. rufoaxillaris and M. bonariensis, and the host-egg remover M. ater. The results, analyzed using a phylogenetic comparative approach, showed interspecific patterns in the mechanical and structural features. The eggshells of the two egg-puncturer parasites (but not of M. ater) were stronger, stiffer, and required greater stress to produce its fracture than the respective hosts’ eggs. These features were affected by eggshell micro- and ultrastructures, related to the increased of the intercrystalline boundary network acting in cooperation with the increased of the palisade layers' thickness. Both of these structural traits generate more options and greater lengths of intercrystalline paths, increasing the energy consumed in crack or fissure propagation. The reported patterns of all these diverse eggshell features support a new set of interpretations, confirming several hypotheses regarding the impacts of both reproductive strategies (parasitic vs. parental) and parasitic egg destruction behaviors (more vs. less frequently puncturing).
Analía V. López
Raúl E. Bolmaro & Team (M. Ávalos, V. Tartalini, P. Risso)
Lía N. Gerschenson
Mark E. Hauber
I am very grateful to Gunther Keil, Geraldine Keil, Joan Ormondroyd (neighbors in New York State), Héctor R. López, Nora M. Rego, and Fabiana Graff (neighbors in Buenos Aires Province) for their hospitality during the fieldwork.
Video credits:
Min 0:05
@planettootoo334
https://youtu.be/9STr2aexecw
Min 0:11
@obbioadm
https://youtu.be/8k341GdYuJA
Min 0:16
Henrique Domingos (Brasil)
López et al. (2018). Thick eggshells of brood parasitic cowbirds protect their eggs and damage host eggs during laying. Behavioral Ecology.
Paper: https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/ary045
@AnaliaVLopez
https://youtu.be/vFpoBIgnOnc
Min 0:20
Gloag et al. (2014)
Min 0:24
@doggietreats2go
https://youtu.be/W5aQX_MRKkU
Min 0:28
@Alan Nelson
https://youtu.be/Az9Dn5IcIGE
Min 1:28
@Mickey Bagg
https://youtu.be/AX2vZ-WjSQc
Min 1:30
Gloag et al. (2014)
Min 1:32
@ Kelin Ashley
https://youtu.be/TcOZH2YUu7Y
Min 1:33
Gloag et al. (2014)
Min 1:34
Henrique Domingos (Brasil)
López et al. (2018). Thick eggshells of brood parasitic cowbirds protect their eggs and damage host eggs during laying. Behavioral Ecology.
Paper: https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/ary045
@Analía V. López
https://youtu.be/vFpoBIgnOnc
Min 1:36
@Mickey Bagg
https://youtu.be/uoU9XZGhvZQ
Min 1:38
@Tom Arma's Wildlife Channel
https://youtu.be/vbYvIL_l9N0
Min 1:43
@Nature in Motion
https://youtu.be/EXd6P29IlW8
#cowbird #Molothrus # Cuckoos #broodparasitism #eggs #parasitism
Видео Brood parasitism: How to build a strong parasitic eggshell? канала Analía V. López
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