Female Infertility Explained - Causes, Tips and Treatment

Some of you have been wanting a baby for years now, maybe you are already trying to conceive or you just found the title and thumbnail interesting. Anyhow, this video will be on female infertility. We will cover the causes, some tips, treatment options and much, much more.

This video is part of a videoseries on sex and urinal tract related medical problem. Find the playlists here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLaG3Bo3L0gX6I4FYPkL6bJ1Xx7dRs697P

How do you get pregnant?
- First: One of the two ovaries needs to releases a mature egg.
- This egg is picked up and transported through the fellopian tube.
- Than, there needs to be sexual intercourse.
- The sperm than swims through the the vagina, through the cervix, into the uterus and ultimately into the fallopian tube to reach the egg for fertilization.
- The fertilized egg travels down the fallopian tube to the uterus.
- It attaches (implants) to the inside of the uterus and it starts to grow.

This is a very simplified version of an immensely complex processes, with a lot of moving parts. If a single step goes wrong, this might cause severe problems or it is not possible at all the conceive a child.

Female infertility:
Unfortunately, infertility is very common. About 1 in 7 couples is infertile, which means they weren’t able to conceive a child, even though they had frequent, unprotected sexual intercourse for a year or longer. In this video we will cover the most common causes:
- First of all an Ovulating disorder, like PCOS, hypothalamatic dysfunction, primary ovarian insufficiency or increased levels of prolactin.
- Another cause of infertility is damage to the fellopian tubes. This damage to the fellopian tubes can be caused by; severe inflammation (for example due to chlamydia or gonorrhea) or through previous surgery.
- Furthermore, a common cause of infertility is endometriosis.
- There are also multiple uterine and cervical problems which could cause infertility. The most common examples are: polyps or tumors of the uterus, an unusual shape of the uterus, a narrowing of the cervix or problems with the mucus the cervix produces.
- Lastly, in some cases the cause for infertility is never found. It could be a combination of several minor factors in both partners.

Tips:
- Maintain a healthy weight and eat a healthy diet with plenty of fruits and vegetables.
- Don’t smoke, limit your alcohol consumption and avoid illicit drugs.
- Minimize and manage your stress.
- Exercise regularly.
- Avoid lubricants during sex.
- Discuss the medications you are using with your doctor. As those might affect your fertility. .
- And lastly prevent a STI, as those can sometimes lead to infertility.

Treatment options:
- Medications to restore your fertility. These include medications which regulate or stimulate your ovulation. Examples are; clomiphene citrate, Menopur, Follistim, Ovidrel, metformin, letrozole and bromocriptine.
- Your doctor might also recommend surgery to restore your fertility. Surgery can be used to correct problems concerning the anatomy of the uterus (like tumors or polyps), remove adhesions in the uterus or to restore a blockage in your fallopian tubes.
- IVF: involves retrieving mature eggs from your ovaries. Fertilizing them with sperm in a dish in a lab, then transferring the embryos into the uterus after fertilization. IVF is the most effective assisted reproductive technology.

- Disclaimer: this video and the comments are meant purely informational! This is not medical advice! If you are looking for medical advice always contact your own doctor. -

Literature:
1: Mayo clinic staff. (2021). Female infertility. Mayo clinic
2: Cleveland Clinic Medical Professional. (2020). Female Infertility. Cleveland Clinic
3: Planned Parenthood. (2022). What are the parts of the female sexual anatomy? Planned Parenthood.
4: NHS. (2020). Causes Infertility. NHS.

* The images in this video are used for educational purposes only. Most of the images and video material in this video come from https://www.canva.com/.

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