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Dipolarization of Action Potential ⚡ | Neuron Electrical Signal Explained | Neurophysiology

Dipolarization of Action Potential ⚡ | Neuron Electrical Signal Explained | Neurophysiology Basics | MBBS & B.Pharm

Polarization is the basic and most important electrical state of a neuron when it is at rest. In this condition, the inside of the neuron is negatively charged compared to the outside. This electrical difference is known as the resting membrane potential, which is usually around -70 mV in a typical neuron.
This state is maintained by the unequal distribution of ions across the cell membrane. Sodium (Na⁺) ions are present in higher concentration outside the cell, while potassium (K⁺) ions are present in higher concentration inside the cell. The sodium-potassium pump plays a major role in maintaining this balance by actively transporting 3 Na⁺ ions out and 2 K⁺ ions into the cell.
Polarization is extremely important because it prepares the neuron for the next stage called depolarization, which is essential for the generation of an action potential. Without proper polarization, nerve impulses cannot be created or transmitted in the body.
This topic is a core concept in neurophysiology, pharmacology, MBBS, B.Pharm, Nursing, and NEET preparation. Understanding polarization helps students clearly learn how neurons communicate and how the nervous system controls body functions like movement, sensation, and reflexes.
👉 Watch till the end for clear understanding of neuron basics and action potential concept.
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