Towards a Digital Twin of HEMM Fleet Operations: A Sensor-System Prototype and Simulation Framework

Title: Towards a Digital Twin of HEMM Fleet Operations: A Sensor-System Prototype and Simulation Framework for Monitoring in Open-Pit Coal Mines
Author: Musab Bin Khaleeq, Jalak Vyas, Saarthak Jindal, David Tandel, Tapas Kumar Maiti, Sujay Kadam
Affiliation: Dhirubhai Ambani University, India
Abstract: This work presents a dual contribution toward developing a digital twin for Heavy Earth Moving Machine (HEMM) fleet operations in open-pit coal mines. A low-cost hardware prototype, built around an Arduino microcontroller integrated with accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer, and GPS modules, captures real-time motion and localization data from haul trucks, providing a scalable sensing foundation for field telemetry. Complementing this, a graph-based mine simulation models truck dispatch strategies under both chaotic and coordinated (platooned) movement patterns. The simulation evaluates trade-offs in fuel consumption, material throughput, and carbon emissions, demonstrating that platoon-based coordination significantly improves efficiency and reduces emissions compared to unregulated behavior. Together, the prototype and simulation establish a layered pathway toward digital-twin–ready analytics that integrate live sensor data with model-driven decision support, enabling future real-time fleet optimization and sustainability assessment in large-scale mining logistics.

Видео Towards a Digital Twin of HEMM Fleet Operations: A Sensor-System Prototype and Simulation Framework канала IEEE Sensors