Stem Cells | A-level Biology | OCR, AQA, Edexcel

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The key points covered of this video include:

1. Stem Cells
2. Differentiated Cells

Stem Cells

Multicellular organisms start off as a ball of non-specialized cells. They don’t have the specific cell shapes or features we see in specialised cells, like erythrocytes.These are called stem cells. Stem cells are cells that are able to express all of their genes and divide by mitosis. As development goes on cells start to resemble more specialised cells.

Differentiated Cells

As stem cells divide they become more and more specialised. As they become specialised they start to change the number and types of organelles. The shape might change to become more specialised to their function. Full specialised cells are unable to divide by mitosis. Eventually the cell will become suited to its role in the developed organism. This is the process of cell differentiation. Differentiation is where stem cells become more specialised into different cell types.

Summary

Cells in multicellular organisms start off unspecialised
These are called stem cells
As stem cells divide they become more specialised
This process is called differentiation

Видео Stem Cells | A-level Biology | OCR, AQA, Edexcel канала SnapRevise