Ecosystem | Features of Ecosystem | Aquatic ecosystem class 12

An aquatic ecosystem is a complex network of living organisms and their physical environment within bodies of water such as oceans, rivers, lakes, and wetlands. These ecosystems are characterized by the interactions between biotic components, including fish, plants, and microorganisms, and abiotic factors such as water chemistry, light, and temperature. Aquatic ecosystems play a vital role in supporting biodiversity, regulating the climate, and providing resources such as food and oxygen. The health of these ecosystems is influenced by factors such as nutrient availability, water quality, and habitat diversity, making them crucial for sustaining both marine and freshwater life.

Human activities significantly impact aquatic ecosystems through pollution, overfishing, and habitat destruction. Nutrient runoff from agriculture, industrial waste, and plastic pollution contribute to water contamination, leading to problems like eutrophication and the decline of aquatic species. Conservation efforts, such as the establishment of marine protected areas and sustainable fishing practices, are essential to preserve the integrity of these ecosystems. Understanding the dynamics of aquatic ecosystems is fundamental for developing strategies to mitigate human impact and promote environmental sustainability. Effective management of water resources ensures the resilience of aquatic ecosystems, maintaining their ability to provide ecological services and support human well-being.

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