Class 12 History Notes Ch.6 Bhakti-Sufi Traditions Changes in Religious Beliefs and Devotional Texts

From 8th-18th century Bhakti Movement, Islam and Sufi movement played an important role in the history of medieval India.

The Alvars and the Nayanars were considered as the founder of Bhakti movement in southern India.

The Alvars were the devotees of Lord Vishnu, while the Nayanars followed Shaivism.

Both Alvars and Nayanar strongly criticised the social and religious malpractices prevalent in the society.

Two women saints-Andal of Alvars and Karaikkal of Ammaiyar of Nayanars played a valuable role in giving a new direction to the society.

The Cholas, Pallavas, and Chalukya patronised both Alvar and Nayanar cult.

Basavanna founded Virashaivas or Lingayats in Karnataka and played a valuable role in the development of his cult.
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