Important Enzymes in the Diagnosis of Diseases - Clinical Biochemistry #usmle

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Important enzymes in the diagnosis of diseases - Clinical Biochemistry #usmle

Enzymes are biocatalysts and because of their remarkable properties, they are extensively used in medical diagnosis. Researches in the last two decades have concentrated more on enzymes such as creatine kinase-MB, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase etc. for clinical applications. Enzymes are the preferred markers in various disease states such as myocardial infarction, jaundice, pancreatitis, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. They provide insight into the disease process by diagnosis, prognosis and assessment of response therapy. Even though the literature on the use of enzymes in various disease conditions has accumulated, a comprehensive analysis is lacking and hence this review.

Common enzymes used for clinical diagnosis include:

acid phosphatase
alanine aminotransferase
alkaline phosphatase
amylase
angiotensin converting enzyme
aspartate aminotransferase
cholinesterase
creatinine kinase
gamma glutamyltransferase
lactate dehydrogenase
renin
There are a range of enzymes of which deficiency results in the inborn errors of metabolism.

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